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目的探讨早产儿甲状腺功能低下的发生情况及其相关因素。方法选择2012年1月-2015年12月恩泽医院收治的150例早产儿为研究对象,根据是否发生早产儿暂时性甲状腺功能低下分为甲状腺功能低下组52例(观察组)和非甲状腺功能低下组98例(对照组)。收集两组患者的临床资料。结果观察组红细胞增多症和喂养困难的发生率高于对照组(P<0.05),排便节律正常的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),两组高胆红素血症和腹胀呕吐的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素分析显示,感染、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)早产儿甲状腺功能低下的阳性率高于无感染、NRDS、HIE早产儿(P<0.05),极低出生体质量和胎龄<32周早产儿甲状腺功能低下阳性率高于非极低出生体质量和胎龄≥32周早产儿(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示:极低出生体质量和胎龄<32周是早产儿甲状腺功能低下的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论早产儿甲状腺功能低下发生率高,甲状腺功能低下,早产儿出现红细胞增多症、喂养困难、排便不规律较多见,极低出生体质量和胎龄<32周是早产儿甲状腺功能低下的独立危险因素。
Objective To investigate the occurrence and related factors of hypothyroidism in premature infants. Methods A total of 150 preterm infants admitted to Enze Hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were selected and divided into hypothyroidism group (observation group) and non-hypothyroidism group according to whether or not temporary hypothyroidism occurred in preterm infants. Group 98 cases (control group). The clinical data of two groups were collected. Results The incidence of polycythemia and dyspnoea in observation group was higher than that in control group (P <0.05), and the incidence of normal stool rhythm was lower than that in control group (P <0.05). Both hyperbilirubinemia and bloating and vomiting The incidence was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the positive rate of hypothyroidism in infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) was significantly higher than that in non-infected, NRDS and HIE preterm infants (P <0.05) ). The positive rates of very low birth weight and hypothyroidism in preterm infants less than 32 weeks of gestational age were higher than those of non-very low birth weight and preterm infants of gestational age≥32 weeks (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that very low birth weight and gestational age <32 weeks were independent risk factors for hypothyroidism in preterm infants (P <0.05). Conclusions The incidence of hypothyroidism in preterm infants is high, hypothyroidism is present, polycythemia in premature infants is exacerbated, feeding difficulties and irregular bowel movements are more common. Very low birth weight and gestational age <32 weeks are independent of hypothyroidism in premature infants Risk factors.