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目的：探讨多核粒细胞在高原家兔后肢缺血再灌注后造成急性肺损伤发生过程中的作用．方法：４０只家兔随机分为Ⅰ组（正常对照组）、Ⅱ组（单纯缺血组）、Ⅲ组（再灌注３０分钟组）、Ⅳ组（再灌注６０分钟组）、Ⅴ组（再灌注１２０分钟组）．在海拔３７００ｍ高原缺氧地区进行实验，采用家兔后肢缺血再灌注后造成急性肺损伤的动物模型，观察肺组织丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、外周血白细胞（ＷＢＣ）计数、ＷＢＣ粘附率、肺泡间隔多核粒细胞（ＰＭＮ）计数、组织学及超微结构等指标，实验动物双后肢缺血４小时后恢复肢体血流．结果：Ⅱ组除支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中，ＷＢＣ计数明显增多外，各项指标无显著变化．Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组肺组织ＭＤＡ含量明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；外周血及ＢＡＬＦ中ＷＢＣ计数、ＷＢＣ粘附率及肺泡隔ＰＭＮ计数等指标均有显著变化（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）．组织学及超微结构发现Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组肺微血管内有大量的ＰＭＮ聚集．结论：急性肺损伤的发生与ＰＭＮ有密切关系．
Objective: To investigate the role of multinucleated granulocytes in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury following hind limb ischemia-reperfusion in highland rabbits. Methods: Forty rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, group Ⅱ (ischemia group), group Ⅲ (reperfusion 30 minutes), group Ⅳ (reperfusion 60 minutes), groupⅤ Perfusion 120 minutes group). The experiment was conducted at an altitude of 3700m in the plateau anoxic region. The animal model of acute lung injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion in the hind limbs of rabbits was used. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), peripheral blood leukocytes (WBC), WBC adhesion, Alveolar septate multiperiod neutrophils (PMN) count, histology and ultrastructure and other indicators of experimental animals with hind limb ischemia 4 hours after the recovery of limb blood flow. Results: There was no significant change in each index except the number of WBC in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in group Ⅱ. The contents of MDA in lung tissue of group Ⅲ, Ⅳ and group Ⅴ increased significantly (P <0.01), and the counts of WBC, WBC adhesion and PMN count in peripheral blood and BALF were significantly changed (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Histological and ultrastructural findings showed that a large number of PMN aggregates were found in pulmonary microvessels in groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ. Conclusion: The occurrence of acute lung injury is closely related to PMN.