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目的了解四川省遂宁市船山区2015年麻疹的发病情况以及流行特点,为制定船山区预防和控制麻疹策略提供参考。方法使用描述流行病学方法对船山区2015年报告的麻疹病例进行分析。结果船山区2015年共诊断麻疹225例,2015年度报告发病率为31.4/10万;发病年龄主要集中在2岁以下儿童,报告发病176例,占发病总数的78.2%;职业分布前3位的为散居儿童180例(80%),学生13例(5.8%),幼托儿童、农民各8例(3.6%);发病时间主要集中在1-4月,占报告病例数的97.3%(219/225);病例有确切免疫史的共28例,占12.4%(28/225);外来人口106例,占报告病例数的47.1%,其中明确接种过1剂或2剂麻疹成分疫苗的14例,占外来人口数的13.2%(14/106);发病前7~21 d去过医院病例共60例,占报告病例数的26.7%(60/225)。结论免疫空白人群积累、医院暴露是2015年船山区麻疹流行的主要危险因素,应采取综合措施加强麻疹防控工作。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of measles in Funan Mountain, Suining City, Sichuan Province in 2015 and provide references for the development of prevention and control measures of measles in the mountainous area of Chuanshan. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze measles cases reported by Chuanshan in 2015. Results A total of 225 measles cases were diagnosed in Chuanshan district in 2015, with a reported incidence of 31.4 / 100 000 in 2015. The age of onset mainly concentrated in children under 2 years old, with 176 cases reported, accounting for 78.2% of the total. The top 3 occupations There were 180 cases (80%) of scattered children, 13 cases (5.8%) of students and 8 cases (3.6%) of nursery children and peasants respectively. The onset time was mainly from January to April, accounting for 97.3% of the reported cases (219 / 225). A total of 28 cases (12.4%) had an exact history of immunization. Of these, 106 were exosomes, accounting for 47.1% of the reported cases, of which 14 had a clear dose of 1 or 2 doses of measles vaccine Cases, accounting for 13.2% (14/106) of the foreign population; 60 cases were hospitalized in 7 ~ 21 days before onset, accounting for 26.7% (60/225) of the reported cases. Conclusion The accumulation of blank immunization population and the hospital exposure are the major risk factors for the measles epidemic in Chuanshan in 2015. Comprehensive measures should be taken to strengthen the prevention and control of measles.