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利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP/NCAR日平均再分析资料、NCEP提供的FNL客观分析资料以及NOAA提供的最优海温插值资料,诊断分析了2013年1月27-31日渤海湾罕见持续性海雾的成因。结果表明:这次罕见海雾发生在中纬度高空暖性高压脊、大气层结稳定的气象背景下。渤海湾位于中国东部海域高压后部,有利于低纬度暖湿水汽向渤海湾输送和汇合,为海雾的形成、发展提供有利水汽条件。低空西南急流迅速发展,近海面层大气湍流发展加强,渤海湾位于急流左侧的辐合气流中,导致大量水汽和暖湿平流往渤海湾输送、聚集,渤海湾海气温差出现明显的由正向负转折,由平流蒸发雾转为冷却雾,边界层内逆温发展加强且逆温层高度增高,上述因素是海雾发展加强和长时间维持的重要原因。31日白天水汽通量、温度平流、水汽辐合及垂直运动的空间配置达到最好,特强浓雾天气因而形成。
Using the routine meteorological observation data, NCEP / NCAR daily average reanalysis data, the FNL objective analysis data provided by NCEP and the NOAA optimal sea temperature interpolation data, the rare and persistent sea in Bohai Bay, January 27-31, 2013 was diagnosed and analyzed. Causes of fog. The results show that this rare sea fog occurs under the meteorological background of mid-latitude high altitude warm ridge and stable atmospheric stratum. The Bohai Bay is located in the back of high pressure in the eastern part of China. It is conducive to the transportation and convergence of warm and wet low-temperature water vapor to Bohai Bay, and provides favorable conditions for the formation and development of sea fog. The rapid development of low-level southwest rapids, the development of near-surface turbulence in the atmosphere to strengthen the Bohai Bay in the convergence of the left jet stream, leading to a large number of water vapor and warm-wet advection to the Bohai Bay transport, aggregation, Bohai Bay air temperature difference was significantly positive The transition from negative to negative is from evapotranspiration to cooling fog. The inversion temperature development in the boundary layer is strengthened and the height of the inversion layer is increased. The above factors are the important reasons for the development of the maritime fog and its long-term maintenance. On the 31st day, the water vapor flux, temperature advection, water vapor convergence and vertical movement of the space configuration to achieve the best, especially strong fog weather is formed.