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导弹自第二次世界大战问世以来,经过40多年的发展,在军事、政治、科技、经济等各方面都产生了巨大的作用和深远的影响。它既是影响世界政治格局、左右战场态势、决定战争胜负的重要因素之一,也是一个国家国防现代化的重要标志之 导弹按飞行弹道可以分为弹道导弹和巡航导弹。弹道导弹是在火箭发动机的推力作用下按预定程序飞行,关机后按自由抛物体轨迹飞行。而巡航导弹则是依靠喷气发动机的推力和弹翼的气动升力主要在稠密大气层内飞行。导弹按射程可分为近程导弹、中程导弹和洲际导弹。近年来,世界上弹道导弹发展较快,出现了许多新的情况,下面分类加以介绍。
Since the advent of World War II, the missiles have had a tremendous and far-reaching impact in the military, political, scientific, technological and economic fields after more than 40 years of development. It is not only one of the important factors influencing the world political pattern, the battlefield situation and the victory or defeat of the war, but also the missile that is an important symbol of national defense modernization in the country. It can be divided into ballistic missiles and cruise missiles according to the flight trajectory. Ballistic missiles are rocket engine thrust under the scheduled flight, after the shutdown by free parabolic trajectory. The cruise missile relies on the thrust of jet engines and aerodynamic lift of the wing mainly in the dense atmosphere. Missiles by range can be divided into short-range missiles, medium-range missiles and intercontinental missiles. In recent years, the ballistic missiles in the world have developed rapidly and many new situations have emerged. The following categories are introduced.