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在考查电场中的基本概念时,往往给出与电场分布有关的图象,如:E-x图象、φ-x图象,或v-t图象。以下分别介绍解电场问题中常见的“三类”图象。一、电场中粒子运动的v-t图象当带电粒子只在电场力作用下运动时,如果给出了粒子运动的速度图象,则从速度图象上能确定粒子运动的加速度方向,加速度大小变化情况,进而可将粒子运动中经历的各点的场强方向、场强大小、电势高低及电势能的变化等情况判定出来。
In examining the basic concepts in electric fields, images associated with electric field distribution are often given, such as E-x images, φ-x images, or v-t images. The following are the common solution to the problem of electric field “three categories ” image. First, the vt image of particle motion in the electric field When the charged particles move only under the action of the electric field force, given the velocity image of the particle motion, the acceleration direction of the particle motion can be determined from the velocity image and the magnitude of the acceleration changes The situation, and then through particle movement in the direction of the field strength of the direction, the size of the field, the level of potential changes and potential energy and other conditions identified.