布达佩斯学派兴起于对前苏联东欧社会主义的批判。经过20世纪60年代的学术发展期及70～80年代的学术兴盛期,布达佩斯学派逐渐走向了衰落,至21世纪,其批判理论甚至走向了终结。一方面,衰落源于其历史使命的“完成”,即前苏联东欧社会主义社会已经不存在;另一方面,对终极目标的消 The Budapest School Emerges from the Criticism of Socialism in Eastern Europe from the Former Soviet Union. After the academic development of the 1960s and the academic prosperity of the 1970s and 1980s, the Budapest school gradually declined. By the 21st century, its critical theory even came to an end. On the one hand, the decline stems from the “completion” of its historical mission, that is, the socialism in Eastern Europe has no longer existed in the former Soviet Union. On the other hand,