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【目的】在蕉园水肥一体化条件下,探讨施用糖蜜酒精发酵液对香蕉生长、品质和产量及蕉园土壤理化性质的影响,为广西蕉园推广酒精发酵液定量还田技术提供依据。【方法】进行常规滴灌施肥(对照)及在此基础上配施糖蜜酒精发酵液(120 t/ha,锤度7.8)的对比试验,调查不同处理对不同代龄香蕉产量、品质性状、叶片营养元素及土壤营养元素的影响。【结果】施用糖蜜酒精发酵液的香蕉株高、茎围、青叶数、单果重、果指长度、抽蕾率和单株产量表现均优于常规滴灌施肥,香蕉果皮厚度增加2.4%~5.2%,香蕉收获时间提前3~5 d,组培一代、宿根一代、宿根二代香蕉产量分别为49312.5、53437.5和52875.0 kg/ha,分别比常规滴灌施肥增加5.62%、8.78%和6.82%,纯收益增加5100.0、8137.5和6750.0元/ha。此外,糖蜜酒精发酵液对蕉园土壤具有较好的肥效,土壤全K、速效K、全N、有机质等均有不同程度的增加,其中组培一代香蕉园的土壤全K含量比常规滴灌施肥高0.27%(绝对值),速效K含量是常规滴灌施肥的2.72倍。【结论】在蕉园水肥一体化条件下,施用120 t/ha糖蜜酒精发酵液对香蕉生长和产量具有明显的促进作用,且有利于提高蕉园土壤肥力,即糖蜜酒精发酵液可作为香蕉水肥一体化的一种补充性肥源。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to explore the effects of application of molasses alcohol on the growth, quality and yield of banana plantations and the physicochemical properties of banana soil under the condition of water and fertilizer integration in banana plantations. 【Method】 The conventional fertigation (control) of drip irrigation and the comparative experiment on the application of molasses alcohol fermentation broth (120 t / ha, 7.8 brix) were conducted to investigate the effects of different treatments on the yield, quality traits, leaf nutrition Elements and Soil Nutrients. 【Result】 The results showed that the plant height, stem circumference, number of green leaves, single fruit weight, fruit length, plucking rate and yield of banana were better than those of conventional drip irrigation. The thickness of banana peel increased by 2.4% -5.2 % Respectively. The banana harvest time was 3 ~ 5 d earlier than that of the conventional drip irrigation. The yield of the second-generation banana was 49312.5, 53437.5 and 52875.0 kg / ha respectively, which were 5.62%, 8.78% and 6.82% Revenue increased 5100.0,8137.5 and 6750.0 yuan / ha. In addition, the fermentation broth of molasses alcohol had better fertilizer effect on banana soils, and the total K, available K, total N and organic matter all increased to some extent. Among them, the total K content in the banana plantations of tissue culture was higher than that of conventional drip fertilization High 0.27% (absolute value), available K content is 2.72 times of conventional drip fertilization. 【Conclusion】 Under the condition of integrated water and fertilizer in banana plant, the application of 120 t / ha molasses alcohol fermentation broth significantly promoted the growth and yield of banana, and was beneficial to improve the soil fertility of banana plant, ie, the molasses alcohol fermentation liquid could be used as banana water and fertilizer A complementary source of fertility.