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目的分析2011-2015年抚州市HIV/AIDS的流行特征和变化趋势,为控制HIV/AIDS疫情提供科学依据。方法利用2011-2015年抚州市HIV/AIDS的疫情资料,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2011-2015年全市共报告HIV/AIDS 322例,其中HIV 191例,AIDS 131例,年均发病率为1.62/10万,发病率年均增长速度为17.90%,HIV/AIDS发病率总体呈上升趋势(趋势χ~2=28.20,P<0.001)。发病数居前三位的地区依次为临川区、金溪县和东乡县,共占57.76%,临川区、东乡县、南城县、崇仁县、广昌县和黎川县总体发病率呈上升趋势。性别比为3.13∶1,男性发病率呈上升趋势(趋势χ~2=34.47,P<0.001),男性发病率年均增长速度为25.34%。发病年龄集中在20~49岁年龄段,占73.91%。职业以农民为主,占48.76%,其次是家务与待业,占17.39%。结论抚州市HIV/AIDS疫情总体呈快速上升趋势,青壮年、农民病例居多,应制定合适的宣教方案,加大全市检测力度,及时管理新发现病例,有效遏制HIV/AIDS的流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of HIV / AIDS in Fuzhou from 2011 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for controlling the HIV / AIDS epidemic. Methods Based on epidemiological data of HIV / AIDS in Fuzhou City from 2011 to 2015, a descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results A total of 322 cases of HIV / AIDS were reported in 2011-2015, of which 191 cases were HIV and 131 cases were AIDS. The average annual incidence rate was 1.62 / 100,000 and the average annual growth rate was 17.90%. The overall incidence of HIV / AIDS was Up trend (trend χ ~ 2 = 28.20, P <0.001). The areas with the top three incidences were Linchuan, Jinxi and Dongxiang in total, accounting for 57.76% of the total. The overall incidence of Linchuan, Dongxiang, Nancheng, Chongren, Guangchang and Lichuan County increased trend. The sex ratio was 3.13:1. The incidence of male was on the rise (trend χ ~ 2 = 34.47, P <0.001). The average annual growth rate of male was 25.34%. The incidence of age concentrated in the 20 to 49 age group, accounting for 73.91%. Occupation of farmers, accounting for 48.76%, followed by domestic and unemployed, accounting for 17.39%. Conclusion The epidemic situation of HIV / AIDS in Fuzhou shows an overall upward trend. The number of young and middle-aged peasants is high, and proper education programs should be formulated to increase detection in the city and timely management of newly discovered cases so as to effectively contain the HIV / AIDS epidemic.