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呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是婴幼儿呼吸道疾病的主要病原,世界各地皆有暴发流行,在温带每年冬季发生,大约持续3个月。RSV不仅限于婴幼儿,而且任何年龄均可发病,重复感染在年长儿和成人常见。灭活的或活的疫苗作免疫至今未获成功,近年已可使用特异性抗病毒治疗。抗RSV的化疗药物已进行了长时间的多种研究。在试管中有几种药物对RSV有效,其中包括脒、吡唑呋喃菌素和3—去氮鸟嘌呤。然而只有一种可用于人类。三氮唑核苷是一种合成的嘌呤核苷,其抗病毒范围广,除RSV外,对流感病毒,副粘液病毒,沙粒病毒,尤其对Lassa热,布尼亚病毒,某些疱疹病毒,甲型肝炎病毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒有治疗作用。该药有几种不同的抗病毒机制:三氮唑核苷在细胞内被代谢成单
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major aetiological agent of respiratory diseases in infants and young children. Outbreaks occur all over the world and occur in the annual winter in temperate zones, lasting about three months. RSV is not limited to infants and young children, and can develop at any age, repeated infections are common in older children and adults. Inactivated vaccines or live vaccines have not been successful so far in recent years, has been the use of specific antiviral therapy. Various anti-RSV chemotherapy drugs have been studied for a long time. There are several drugs in the test tube that are effective against RSV, including amidine, pyrazofurin and 3-deazaguanine. However only one is available for humans. Ribavirin is a synthetic purine nucleoside that has a wide range of antiviral activities against influenza virus, paramyxovirus, isodon, especially Lassa fever, Bunia virus, certain herpes viruses , Hepatitis A virus and human immunodeficiency virus have a therapeutic effect. The drug has several different antiviral mechanisms: Ribavirin is metabolized to a single intracellularly