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目的探讨药物过敏反应的原因和特点,为临床早期诊断和治疗提供依据。方法回顾分析2008年4月1日至2010年7月1日期间收治的86例药物过敏反应住院患者的临床资料。结果 86例药物过敏反应中男性50例,女性36例(男∶女为1.39∶1);年龄1～84岁;抗菌药物导致的药物过敏反应居首位,其次是中药制剂。在抗菌类药物中以头孢哌酮和头孢吡肟、头孢唑肟过敏反应发生率居所有药物前3位;静脉注射引起的药物过敏反应最多。结论临床医生用药前应询问用药史及过敏史,严格做好皮试,并注意药物的交叉过敏反应。
Objective To investigate the causes and characteristics of drug allergy and provide the basis for early clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 86 hospitalized patients with drug allergy were retrospectively analyzed from April 1, 2008 to July 1, 2010. Results There were 50 males and 36 females (male: 1.39: 1) in 86 patients with allergic reactions. The age ranged from 1 to 84 years. Anti-bacterial drugs led the drug allergy reaction first, followed by traditional Chinese medicine preparations. In antibacterial drugs to cefoperazone and cefepime, ceftizoxime allergic reaction rate of all drugs in the first three; intravenous injection caused the most drug allergic reactions. Conclusion Clinicians should be asked before medication medication history and allergy history, strict skin test, and pay attention to drug cross-allergic reactions.