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（sound of humpback whale）
You’re listening to a humpback whale[座头鲸] talking. Though we don’t quite know what he’s saying， we do know that it’s important for whales and other sea creatures to be able to talk to each other in the ocean. But humans are making that conversation nearly impossible， according to Michael Jasny， the director of the Marine[海的] Mammal Protection Project for the Natural Resources Defense[抵御] Council[委员会]. He says we have to quiet down.
Michael Jasny： There’s an old English science fiction story in which the people of the world wake up one morning to find that they’re all blind. That’s what we’re doing to whales and other animals in the sea. We haven’t blinded them completely， but we’ve diminished[使减少] their sight. We’ve made it much harder for them to live in their world. And it’s not just in a few places. It’s almost everywhere.
The noise of a cruise[巡航] ship completely drowns out[淹没] the sound of this small clan[部落] of whales conversing in a matter of seconds.
Jasny： Sound in the ocean travels incredibly well， so that time was when a blue whale calling off of Massachusetts could be heard by other blue whales straight across the Atlantic. Now， unfortunately， that’s changed. Since the advent[出现] of the propeller[螺旋桨] engine 150 years ago， the noise that we have been putting into the sea has grown and grown. Just about everything that humans do in the water makes noise—when we ship[航运] goods from country to country， when we explore for oil and gas and minerals[矿物]， when the military trains with explosives[炸药] or intense[强烈的] sonar[声波定位仪] systems. And this noise travels.
What’s happened over the last 150 years is that we have created a kind of smog[烟雾] in the seas. And this is a particularly virulent[致命的] form of smog. It affects every aspect[方面] of the lives of whales and dolphins and other creatures. Noise causes animals to abandon[放弃] their habitat[栖息地]， to go silent， to stop foraging[搜寻粮草]， to forage poorly， to go deaf and， in some cases， to die. It…it affects every aspect of their survival and their ability to reproduce[繁殖].
One of the biggest culprits[故障所在] for underthe-sea noise is the way we prospect[勘探] for oil and gas offshore.
（sound of high-volume air gun）
Companies use arrays[大批] of high-volume air guns that are so loud you can see the water rise and fall when the guns go off.
Jasny： It’s an incredible thing to imagine thinking about someone setting off a sound like dynamite[炸药] in your neighborhood again and again and again， every 10 to 12 seconds， for weeks and months. This is what we are forcing whales and dolphins and fish to live with. （sound of high-volume air gun）
That’s Michael Jasny， director of the Marine Mammal Protection Project for the Natural Resources Defense Council. His conservation[保护] group and others like it recently settled a lawsuit[诉讼] with several oil and gas companies that requires the industry to take steps that will reduce the noise around whales’ and dolphins’habitat and use less invasive[侵略性的] forms of exploration.
Link： Whale Language
Humpback whales and most other species[种类] produce a wide range[范围] of sounds on a daily basis. In many species， whales seem to form close bonds with one another， and their calls may serve to let their companion whales know where they are and what they are doing.
Water is an excellent fluid for conducting[传导] sound， and whale calls can be extremely loud， so they may communicate with one another over hundreds， perhaps thousands of miles. Whale experts are concerned that the noise pollution caused by boats， offshore drilling[钻孔] and other human activities in the ocean is drowning out these calls， shutting down the whale’s long-distance communication system.
We still don’t know what whales are actually saying to each other， but some researchers believe that whales have advanced language capabilities[能力]. Whales have large brains， with the complex folds[复褶皱] biologists[生物学家] associate with[同……联系在一起] higher intelligence， but the extent of their abilities is not clear. Many species seem to be highly intelligent， both in captivity[囚禁] and in the wild， learning complex[复杂的] tasks and showing advanced problem-solving skills.
（座头鲸的声音）
你听到的是座头鲸说话的声音。虽然我们不知道它在说什么，但是我们知道很重要的一点，就是鲸鱼和其他海洋生物能在海洋里互相交谈。然而，据自然资源保护委员会海洋哺乳动物保护项目主管迈克尔·亚斯尼所说，人类使这种谈话变得几乎无法进行。他说，我们必须安静下来。
迈克尔·亚斯尼：英语中有一个古老的科幻故事讲到，世人有一天早上醒来，发现自己全都变成了瞎子。而这正是我们对鲸鱼和其他海洋动物所做的事。虽然我们还不至于让海洋动物完全失明，但我们已经减弱了它们的视力，使其在自己的世界里生活得越发困难。而且，这种情况不只发生在少数地方，而是几乎遍及每一片海域。
仅仅几秒钟，一艘邮轮的噪音完全淹没了这个鲸鱼小家族的交谈声。亚斯尼：声音在海洋中传播很迅速，所以，当一条蓝鲸在（美国）马萨诸塞州发出声音时，这短短数秒的时间已足以让大西洋彼岸的其他蓝鲸听到它的呼唤。不幸的是，现在情况已经发生了变化。自150年前螺旋桨发动机问世以来，我们在海洋里制造的噪音日益增加。人类在水中做的几乎任何事都会产生噪音，比如国家之间的货物船运，或者勘探石油、天然气和矿物，或者用炸药或强力声呐系统进行军事训练等等。这些噪音会在海洋中传播。
事实上，在过去150年里，我们在海洋里制造了一种烟雾，而且是一种特别有害的烟雾。它影响了鲸鱼、海豚及其他生物生活的各个方面。噪音会导致动物放弃栖息地，不再发声，停止觅食，难以捕猎，丧失听觉，甚至在某些情况下会死亡。噪音影响了它们生存的各个方面及繁殖能力。
海洋噪音最大的元凶之一就是我们离岸勘探石油和天然气的方式。
（大容量气枪的声音）
各家公司使用大容量气枪，发出震耳欲聋的声音，以至于你可以看到当气枪发射时，海面会随之起伏。
亚斯尼：简直无法想象有人在你家附近不断制造出像炸药爆炸一样的声音，每隔10到12秒就发出一波巨大噪音，持续数周和数月。而这就是我们强迫鲸鱼、海豚和鱼类忍受的生活。
（大容量气枪的声音）
这是自然资源保护委员会海洋哺乳动物保护项目主管迈克尔·亚斯尼。最近，他的保育团体和其他类似组织与几家石油天然气公司展开诉讼，要求该行业采取措施，减少鲸鱼和海豚栖息地附近的噪音，并使用侵犯度较低的方式进行勘探。
链接：鲸的语言
座头鲸和其他大多数鲸类每天都会发出各种各样的声音。在许多鲸鱼品种当中，个体之间似乎有种紧密的联系，其呼唤声可能有助于让同伴知道它们在哪里和在做什么。
水是传导声音的极好液体，而鲸的呼唤声可以非常响亮，所以尽管它们相距数百甚至数千英里也可以进行交流。鲸鱼专家担心，由船只、海上钻井及人类其他海洋活动所造成的噪音污染正在淹没这些呼唤声，阻断了鲸的远距离沟通系统。
我们仍然不知道鲸鱼彼此之间在说些什么，但一些研究人员认为，鲸鱼拥有高度发展的语言能力。鲸鱼有巨型的大脑，上面分布着复褶皱，而生物学家认为复褶皱与较高的智力有关，不过人们尚不清楚鲸的智力达到何种范围。无论是在圈养还是野生环境中，许多鲸类的智力似乎都很高，不仅能够学习复杂的任务，还展示出解决问题的高等能力。
You’re listening to a humpback whale[座头鲸] talking. Though we don’t quite know what he’s saying， we do know that it’s important for whales and other sea creatures to be able to talk to each other in the ocean. But humans are making that conversation nearly impossible， according to Michael Jasny， the director of the Marine[海的] Mammal Protection Project for the Natural Resources Defense[抵御] Council[委员会]. He says we have to quiet down.
Michael Jasny： There’s an old English science fiction story in which the people of the world wake up one morning to find that they’re all blind. That’s what we’re doing to whales and other animals in the sea. We haven’t blinded them completely， but we’ve diminished[使减少] their sight. We’ve made it much harder for them to live in their world. And it’s not just in a few places. It’s almost everywhere.
The noise of a cruise[巡航] ship completely drowns out[淹没] the sound of this small clan[部落] of whales conversing in a matter of seconds.
Jasny： Sound in the ocean travels incredibly well， so that time was when a blue whale calling off of Massachusetts could be heard by other blue whales straight across the Atlantic. Now， unfortunately， that’s changed. Since the advent[出现] of the propeller[螺旋桨] engine 150 years ago， the noise that we have been putting into the sea has grown and grown. Just about everything that humans do in the water makes noise—when we ship[航运] goods from country to country， when we explore for oil and gas and minerals[矿物]， when the military trains with explosives[炸药] or intense[强烈的] sonar[声波定位仪] systems. And this noise travels.
What’s happened over the last 150 years is that we have created a kind of smog[烟雾] in the seas. And this is a particularly virulent[致命的] form of smog. It affects every aspect[方面] of the lives of whales and dolphins and other creatures. Noise causes animals to abandon[放弃] their habitat[栖息地]， to go silent， to stop foraging[搜寻粮草]， to forage poorly， to go deaf and， in some cases， to die. It…it affects every aspect of their survival and their ability to reproduce[繁殖].
One of the biggest culprits[故障所在] for underthe-sea noise is the way we prospect[勘探] for oil and gas offshore.
（sound of high-volume air gun）
Companies use arrays[大批] of high-volume air guns that are so loud you can see the water rise and fall when the guns go off.
Jasny： It’s an incredible thing to imagine thinking about someone setting off a sound like dynamite[炸药] in your neighborhood again and again and again， every 10 to 12 seconds， for weeks and months. This is what we are forcing whales and dolphins and fish to live with. （sound of high-volume air gun）
That’s Michael Jasny， director of the Marine Mammal Protection Project for the Natural Resources Defense Council. His conservation[保护] group and others like it recently settled a lawsuit[诉讼] with several oil and gas companies that requires the industry to take steps that will reduce the noise around whales’ and dolphins’habitat and use less invasive[侵略性的] forms of exploration.
Link： Whale Language
Humpback whales and most other species[种类] produce a wide range[范围] of sounds on a daily basis. In many species， whales seem to form close bonds with one another， and their calls may serve to let their companion whales know where they are and what they are doing.
Water is an excellent fluid for conducting[传导] sound， and whale calls can be extremely loud， so they may communicate with one another over hundreds， perhaps thousands of miles. Whale experts are concerned that the noise pollution caused by boats， offshore drilling[钻孔] and other human activities in the ocean is drowning out these calls， shutting down the whale’s long-distance communication system.
We still don’t know what whales are actually saying to each other， but some researchers believe that whales have advanced language capabilities[能力]. Whales have large brains， with the complex folds[复褶皱] biologists[生物学家] associate with[同……联系在一起] higher intelligence， but the extent of their abilities is not clear. Many species seem to be highly intelligent， both in captivity[囚禁] and in the wild， learning complex[复杂的] tasks and showing advanced problem-solving skills.
（座头鲸的声音）
你听到的是座头鲸说话的声音。虽然我们不知道它在说什么，但是我们知道很重要的一点，就是鲸鱼和其他海洋生物能在海洋里互相交谈。然而，据自然资源保护委员会海洋哺乳动物保护项目主管迈克尔·亚斯尼所说，人类使这种谈话变得几乎无法进行。他说，我们必须安静下来。
迈克尔·亚斯尼：英语中有一个古老的科幻故事讲到，世人有一天早上醒来，发现自己全都变成了瞎子。而这正是我们对鲸鱼和其他海洋动物所做的事。虽然我们还不至于让海洋动物完全失明，但我们已经减弱了它们的视力，使其在自己的世界里生活得越发困难。而且，这种情况不只发生在少数地方，而是几乎遍及每一片海域。
仅仅几秒钟，一艘邮轮的噪音完全淹没了这个鲸鱼小家族的交谈声。亚斯尼：声音在海洋中传播很迅速，所以，当一条蓝鲸在（美国）马萨诸塞州发出声音时，这短短数秒的时间已足以让大西洋彼岸的其他蓝鲸听到它的呼唤。不幸的是，现在情况已经发生了变化。自150年前螺旋桨发动机问世以来，我们在海洋里制造的噪音日益增加。人类在水中做的几乎任何事都会产生噪音，比如国家之间的货物船运，或者勘探石油、天然气和矿物，或者用炸药或强力声呐系统进行军事训练等等。这些噪音会在海洋中传播。
事实上，在过去150年里，我们在海洋里制造了一种烟雾，而且是一种特别有害的烟雾。它影响了鲸鱼、海豚及其他生物生活的各个方面。噪音会导致动物放弃栖息地，不再发声，停止觅食，难以捕猎，丧失听觉，甚至在某些情况下会死亡。噪音影响了它们生存的各个方面及繁殖能力。
海洋噪音最大的元凶之一就是我们离岸勘探石油和天然气的方式。
（大容量气枪的声音）
各家公司使用大容量气枪，发出震耳欲聋的声音，以至于你可以看到当气枪发射时，海面会随之起伏。
亚斯尼：简直无法想象有人在你家附近不断制造出像炸药爆炸一样的声音，每隔10到12秒就发出一波巨大噪音，持续数周和数月。而这就是我们强迫鲸鱼、海豚和鱼类忍受的生活。
（大容量气枪的声音）
这是自然资源保护委员会海洋哺乳动物保护项目主管迈克尔·亚斯尼。最近，他的保育团体和其他类似组织与几家石油天然气公司展开诉讼，要求该行业采取措施，减少鲸鱼和海豚栖息地附近的噪音，并使用侵犯度较低的方式进行勘探。
链接：鲸的语言
座头鲸和其他大多数鲸类每天都会发出各种各样的声音。在许多鲸鱼品种当中，个体之间似乎有种紧密的联系，其呼唤声可能有助于让同伴知道它们在哪里和在做什么。
水是传导声音的极好液体，而鲸的呼唤声可以非常响亮，所以尽管它们相距数百甚至数千英里也可以进行交流。鲸鱼专家担心，由船只、海上钻井及人类其他海洋活动所造成的噪音污染正在淹没这些呼唤声，阻断了鲸的远距离沟通系统。
我们仍然不知道鲸鱼彼此之间在说些什么，但一些研究人员认为，鲸鱼拥有高度发展的语言能力。鲸鱼有巨型的大脑，上面分布着复褶皱，而生物学家认为复褶皱与较高的智力有关，不过人们尚不清楚鲸的智力达到何种范围。无论是在圈养还是野生环境中，许多鲸类的智力似乎都很高，不仅能够学习复杂的任务，还展示出解决问题的高等能力。