一、前言 对自己最根本原则之怀疑,以及时常作内省之功夫,乃是文明人之特征。史学之研究工作,若不具指导性及前瞻性,则不啻是将死人之枯骨,从一个坟场搬往另一个坟场,有吃老本和发死人财之嫌疑。 相对於中国史之外国史,俗称西洋史,挽近为顺应时代潮流,已改名为世界史(中国大陆早已使用此一名称)。唯欧洲仍为西方文明之重镇,而西方文明又是世界文化之中,最具有宰制性之主流。虽然“光明从东方来”,但泰西几 I. Preface The skepticism about one’s own most fundamental principles, as well as the frequent effort to introspect, are the characteristics of a civilized person. Historiography research, if not instructive and forward-looking, is about moving the bones of the dead from one cemetery to another, with the suspicion of eating away from the old and making fatal beings. Relative to the Chinese history of foreign history, commonly known as the Western history, close to conform to the trend of the times, has been renamed World History (mainland China has long been using this name). Only Europe is still the center of Western civilization, and Western civilization is one of the world’s cultures with the most domineering mainstream. Although “bright from the East”, but Tessie few