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中国是一个水利大国,也是一个水利古国。纵现中国历史,从大禹开始,历代善治国者均以治水为重,中国历史上出现的“盛世”无不得益于江河湖泊的治理成就。长期以来,水利对我国国民经济和社会发展部起到基础性保障和促进作用。水利工程是国民经济的基础设施,关系到国计民生,其地位特殊,经济、社会和生态效益突出。只有水利工程的总量(一般包括数量和规模两个方面)及运行状况同国民经济和社会发展水平相适应,才能支撑经济社会的可持续发展。1998年,我国长江和松花江发生全流域大洪水,在长江、松花江干流上多处长距离出现在干堤上临时加修子堤的场景,说明当时我国水利工程的规模数量已经不能适应国民经济和社会发展的要求。痛定思痛,从1998年开始,我国下大力气投入水利工程建设,至2008年底不到10年时间里,仅中央水利建设的资金投入就超过了4000亿元,再加上地方巨额的配套资金。目前可以说,一方面我国水利工程的数量规模已经可以较好地适应国民经济和社会发展了;另一方面,由于没有建立起适应市场经济要求的管理体制和运行机制,水利工程资产效益没有得到充分发挥,水利工程的运行质量和状况仍十分令人担忧。
China is a large water power and an ancient water conservancy. Looking at the history of China, starting from Dayu, the ancient good governance people all regarded the priority of water control. The “prosperity” that has emerged in Chinese history has benefited all from the governance achievements of rivers and lakes. For a long time, water conservancy has played a fundamental role in safeguarding and promoting China’s national economy and social development. Water conservancy projects are the infrastructure of the national economy and relate to national economy and the people’s livelihood. The status of water conservancy projects is special and economic, social and ecological benefits are outstanding. Only the total amount of water conservancy projects (generally including both quantity and scale) and their operating conditions are in line with the national economic and social development levels to support the sustainable economic and social development. In 1998, the great floods occurred in the whole Yangtze River and Songhua River in our country. In the long run of the Yangtze River and the Songhua River, there were many long-distance emerges in the dry embankment on the temporary embankment dike scene, indicating that the scale of our country’s hydraulic engineering can no longer adapt to the national economy And social development requirements. My understanding is that since 1998, China has made great efforts to build water conservancy projects. In less than 10 years till the end of 2008, the capital investment of the Central Water Conservancy Project alone exceeded 400 billion yuan, plus huge local matching funds. At present, it can be said that on the one hand, the quantity and scale of water conservancy projects in China can already be well adapted to the national economy and social development; on the other hand, the asset management efficiency of water conservancy projects has not been set up without the establishment of a management system and operating mechanism that meets the requirements of a market economy Give full play to the quality and status of the operation of water conservancy projects are still very worrying.