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我国是拥有13亿人口的大国,特殊的自然地理和气候条件决定了农田水利在提高农业综合生产能力、保障国家粮食安全中具有十分重要的地位和作用。随着工业化、城镇化的深入发展,经济社会发生了重大变化与变革,农田水利发展面临巨大的体制机制障碍,必须通过立法来解决。农田水利立法要紧紧抓住规划设计、建设管理、运行管理三个环节,重点解决五项权利(益)、三项费用,即事权财权、工程产权、水权、工程占地权、工程运行调度权,以及建设费、运行维护费、水费问题,建立完善相关制度。
As a large country with a population of 1.3 billion, China’s special natural geography and climatic conditions have determined that farmland water conservancy plays a very important role in enhancing the comprehensive agricultural productivity and ensuring national food security. With the deepening development of industrialization and urbanization, great changes and changes have taken place in economy and society. The development of water conservancy in farmland faces huge institutional and institutional obstacles and must be solved through legislation. Farmland water conservancy legislation should firmly grasp the planning and design, construction management, operation and management of the three links, focusing on solving five rights (benefits), three costs, namely, property rights, engineering property rights, water rights, project land ownership, project operation scheduling Rights, and construction costs, operation and maintenance costs, water issues, establish and improve the relevant system.