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髓系细胞触发受体1（TREM-1）主要在中性粒细胞和单核巨噬细胞中表达，能诱导中性粒细胞和单核细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β等促炎因子，在炎症的级联放大反应中发挥重要作用。 TREM-1表达上调在败血症休克及其他感染中对细胞因子应答的激活起重要作用，阻断TREM-1的表达，可以减轻细菌引起的全身高炎症综合征动物模型的炎性反应，并提高存活率。该文对TREM-1的信号转导机制和天然配体进行总结，并探讨其作为分子靶点治疗疾病和作为生物标志物诊断疾病和判断预后的作用。“,”Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 ( TREM-1 ) is mainly expressed on neutro-phils and monocytes/macrophages.It induces neutrophils and monocytes to increase the release of proinflam-matory factors such as TNF-α,IL-1βand INF-γ,which plays an important role in the amplification of inflam-mation.Up-regulated expression of TREM-1 appears to be a crucial step during the activation of the over-whelming cytokine response in septic shock and other infections .Blocking the expression of TREM-1 can reduce inflammation and increase survival rate in animal models of systemic hyperinflammatory syndromes caused by bacterial infections.Here is to make a review of the signaling transduction mechanisms and the nat-ural ligand of TREM-1,and make further discussion on its therapeutic values as a molecular target and diag-nostic values as a biomarker in related diseases.