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青霉素类和头孢菌素类抗生素的分子结构,均由主核及侧链两部分结合而成。青霉素类主核6-氨基青霉烷酸中含有一个饱和的噻唑环及一个β-内酰胺环。头孢菌素类的主核7-氨基头孢烷酸是由一个六元杂环和β-内酰胺环骈合而成,因此它们均属于β-内酰胺类抗生素。青霉素类通过6-氨基位置侧链的增添而制出合乎各种要求的耐酸、耐酶、广谱的新青霉素。不断改换头孢菌素主核第3位和第7位侧链,发展出了抗菌力强和抗菌谱广的各种头孢菌素衍生物。今天,头孢菌素和青霉素类抗生素在临床抗菌治疗中占重要位置。有学者称:“仅使用β-内酰胺类抗生素,就几
Penicillins and cephalosporins antibiotics molecular structure, both by the main nuclear and side chain of two parts. The main penicillin 6-aminopenicillanic acid contains a saturated thiazole ring and a β-lactam ring. The main nucleus of cephalosporins 7 - amino cephalosporanic acid is a six-membered heterocyclic ring and β-lactam ring together, so they belong to β-lactam antibiotics. Penicillins produce new acid-resistant, enzyme-resistant and broad-spectrum new penicillins that meet various requirements through the addition of 6-amino-site side chains. Constantly change cephalosporins main nucleus 3rd and 7th side chain, developed a strong antibacterial and broad antibacterial spectrum of cephalosporin derivatives. Today, cephalosporin and penicillin antibiotics in the clinical antimicrobial treatment occupies an important position. Some scholars said: "Only use β-lactam antibiotics, just a few