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目的：分析临床分离大肠埃希菌1841株和肺炎克雷伯菌1460株分布及其耐药性变异。方法美国临床实验室标准化协会（CLSI）2015版为标准判定药敏实验结果，用WHONET 5．6软件对数据分析。结果共收集昆山地区三所医院大肠埃希菌1841株和肺炎克雷伯菌1460株，产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ ESBLs）大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的检出率分别为54．6％、33．9％，大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢西丁、头孢他啶、阿米卡星、β-内酰胺／β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复合制剂、碳青霉烯类有良好的敏感性，大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类耐药率低于1．0％，肺炎克雷伯菌对碳青霉烯耐药率低于8．0％。结论制定合理有效的感染控制措施，合理使用抗菌药物，避免多重耐药菌引起医院感染的爆发流行。“,”Objective To investigate the characteristics of distribution and diversity of resistance of Escherichia coli 1841 strains and Klebsiella pneumonia 1460 strains collected from three hospitals from 2012-2015.Methods Results were analyzed according to the breakpoints of CLSI 2015.The clinical data were reviewed retrospectively by software WHONET 5.6. Results 1841 Escherichia coli strains and 1460 Klebsiella pneumonia strains were analyzed.ESBLs were produced in 54.6%of the Escherichia coli strains,in 33.9%of the Klebsiella pneumonia strains.Escherichia coli strains and Klebsiella pneumonia strains were relatively susceptible to cefoxitin,ceftazidime,amikacin,β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and carbap-enems.Less than 1.0%of the Escherichia coli strains showed resistance to carbapenems,less than 8.0%of Klebsiella pneu-monia strains showed resistance to carbapenems.Conclusion Formulate rational and effective infection control measures,ra-tional use of antibiotics,avoid multiple resistant bacteria causing hospital infection outbreak.