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目的:分析某医院传染科患者抗感染类药物致不良反应(ADR)的相关因素,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:收集2014年1月—2016年12月间上报国家药品不良反应监测中心的抗感染类药物致患者ADR报告75例,分析患者性别、年龄和给药途径、抗感染药物种类以及涉及ADR损害系统、器官及临床表现等相关因素。结果:50~59岁患者用药ADR发生率较高,占25.33%;男性多于女性;静脉给药途径ADR发生率为最高,占70.67%;抗感染类药物中抗菌药物引起ADR占88.00%;而抗菌药物中头孢菌素类和利福霉素类引发ADR分别占21.33%和22.67%;ADR主要累及皮肤及其附件占40.00%。结论:ADR的发生与患者性别、年龄的比例、引发ADR抗感染药物种类、给药途径、ADR损害类型等因素密切相关,要合理分析总结ADR引发的相关因素,加强药物使用的管理和ADR的监测,为临床合理用药提供参考。
Objective: To analyze the related factors of anti-infective drug-induced adverse reactions (ADR) in infectious patients in a hospital and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods: Seventy-five ADR cases were collected from anti-infectives patients who were reported to the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center between January 2014 and December 2016. The ADRs were analyzed for gender, age, route of administration, types of anti-infectives and ADR damage System, organ and clinical manifestations and other related factors. Results: The incidence of ADR was higher in patients aged from 50 to 59 years, accounting for 25.33%, more men than women. The incidence of ADR in intravenous route was the highest, accounting for 70.67%. The ADR of anti-infective drugs was 88.00% The antibacterial drugs cephalosporins and rifamycin-induced ADR accounted for 21.33% and 22.67% respectively; ADR mainly involved the skin and its accessories accounted for 40.00%. Conclusions: The incidence of ADR is closely related to the gender and age of patients, the types of anti-infective drugs induced by ADRs, the route of administration, and the type of ADR lesions. To analyze and summarize the related factors of ADR, we should strengthen the management of drug use and ADR Monitoring, provide a reference for clinical rational drug use.