排斥反应是导致胰岛移植物失败的主要因素。新一代的免疫抑制剂虽给器官移植带来广阔前景，但是类固醇激素、CsA、FK506均有致糖尿病作用，长期应用也会带来严重的毒副作用。所以，成功的胰岛移植将依赖特殊的抗排斥手段。近年来胸腺的免疫功能重新受到重视，本文简要综述了胸腺内接种抗原诱导同种和异种胰岛移植物免疫耐受的研究进展。 Rejection is a major factor in the failure of islet grafts. Although a new generation of immunosuppressive agents brings broad prospects for organ transplantation, steroid hormones, CsA and FK506 all have diabetes-causing effects and long-term application may cause serious side effects. Therefore, successful islet transplantation will rely on special anti-rejection measures. In recent years, the immune function of the thymus has been re-valued, this article briefly reviewed the immunization of thymus inoculated with antigen-induced allogeneic and islet allograft immune tolerance research.