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改革唯解制度难题,才能取得实质性突破。电力改革需要引入新的视角,从“制度”入手,用现代企业制度改造传统电力企业。产权结构是经济基础,治理结构是上层建筑。没有产权改革,不实行股权多元化,就不可能形成完善的治理结构。股权多元化的意义在于创造一种流动性来弥补传统电力企业的缺陷,并在激励兼容作用下找到一种内部控制与约束的均衡。电网公司目前的一个主要问题是资产的不可流通性,而资本社会化是市场经济发展的必然要求。电力改革既要促进电力产业的发展,还要使社会分享改革的成果。只有使各种力量彼此融合,才能共同推动电力产业的发展。
We can achieve substantive breakthroughs in reforming the problems of the only solution system. Electricity reform needs to introduce a new perspective, starting from the “system” and transform the traditional power enterprises with the modern enterprise system. Property rights structure is the economic basis, the governance structure is the superstructure. Without property rights reform, without equity diversification, it is impossible to form a sound governance structure. The significance of equity diversification is to create a liquidity to make up for the shortcomings of the traditional power companies and to find a balance of internal control and restraint under the role of incentive and compatibility. One of the main problems of grid companies is the non-liquidity of assets. The socialization of capital is a necessary requirement for the development of market economy. The power reform should not only promote the development of the power industry, but also enable the community to share the fruits of the reform. Only by bringing all kinds of forces into one another can we jointly promote the development of the power industry.