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目的:探讨脑脊液白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和S100B蛋白在中枢神经系统感染中的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2015年10月至2019年2月徐州医科大学附属医院神经内科78例中枢神经系统感染患者（感染组）的临床资料，其中病毒性脑膜炎（病脑）41例，结核性脑膜炎（结脑）23例，化脓性脑膜炎（化脑）14例。另选取同期入院行脑脊液等相关检查且排除中枢神经系统感染的患者100例（对照组）。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测患者脑脊液IL-6、NSE和S100B蛋白水平。结果:感染组脑脊液IL-6、NSE和S100B蛋白水平均高于对照组[16.70（8.54，228.18）ng/L比6.64（4.96，8.21）ng/L、13.62（11.50，19.01）μg/L比9.95（7.54，12.39）μg/L和3.07（0.24，11.57）μg/L比0.16（0.12，0.21）μg/L]，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。结脑患者IL-6、NSE和S100B蛋白水平明显高于病脑患者和化脑患者[173.30（13.74，503.80）ng/L比9.37（4.80，113.55）和89.96（14.02，239.60）ng/L、（30.82 ± 14.09）μg/L比（12.00 ± 2.33）和（17.62 ± 5.63）μg/L、（18.29 ± 16.05）μg/L比（2.12 ± 1.24）和（5.79 ± 4.82）μg/L]，化脑患者明显高于病脑患者，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。n 结论:脑脊液IL-6、NSE和S100B蛋白在不同类型中枢神经系统感染患者中表达存在差异，且对中枢神经系统感染的诊断具有一定临床应用价值。“,”Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 (IL-6), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B protein in patients with central nervous system infection.Methods:The clinical data of 78 patients with central nervous system infection (infected group) from October 2015 to February 2019 in the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, viral meningitis was in 41 cases, tuberculous meningitis was in 23 cases, and purulent meningitis was in 14 cases. Another 100 patients who were admitted to the hospital during the same period for cerebrospinal fluid and other related examinations and excluded central nervous system infection (control group) were selected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of IL-6, NSE and S100B protein.Results:The cerebrospinal fluid levels of IL-6, NSE and S100B protein in infected group were significantly higher than those in control group: 16.70 (8.54, 228.18) ng/L vs. 6.64 (4.96, 8.21) ng/L, 13.62 (11.50, 19.01) μg/L vs. 9.95 (7.54, 12.39) μg/L and 3.07 (0.24, 11.57) μg/L vs. 0.16 (0.12, 0.21) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( n P<0.05). The cerebrospinal fluid levels of IL-6, NSE and S100B protein in patients with tuberculous meningitis were significantly higher than those in patients with viral meningitis and patients with purulent meningitis: 173.30 (13.74, 503.80) ng/L vs. 9.37 (4.80, 113.55) and 89.96 (14.02, 239.60) ng/L, (30.82 ± 14.09) μg/L vs. (12.00 ± 2.33) and (17.62 ± 5.63) μg/L, (18.29 ± 16.05) μg/L vs. (2.12 ± 1.24) and (5.79 ± 4.82) μg/L; the indexes in patients with purulent meningitis were significantly higher than those in patients with viral meningitis, and there were statistical differences (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:Cerebrospinal fluid IL-6, NSE and S100B proteins have different expressions in patients with different types of central nervous system infection, and have certain clinical application value for the diagnosis of central nervous system infection.