论文部分内容阅读
一、單项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
1. The process of finding your passion is about having the satisfaction that you tried your best the regret of not giving it just one more chance.
A. other thanB. rather than
C. more thanD. less than
2. Respect the elderly， for their unconditional love and enriched life experiences are the treasures of the world are hidden.
A. whyB. when
C. whatD. where
3. What makes a good speaker is his or her ability to an audiences needs and concerns.
A. exceedB. exploit
C. anticipateD. accumulate
4. Susan couldnt， ， defend her brother at the court， as she knew he should take the blame.
A. in good faithB. in good spirits
C. in good conscienceD. in good condition
5. Post70s generation are generally believed to be under great pressure， because they are known as the “sandwich generation”， between kids and parents.
A. catchingB. caught
C. to be caughtD. having caught
6. Michael may be a man of little in the eyes of his former boss， but hes somebody here in our company.
A. consequenceB. convenience
C. considerationD. conservation
7. The Chinese Dream I believe in now is a shared one. Its not so much about what I can get for myself； its about how we can all together.
A. get alongB. get through
C. get upD. get by
8. Though Mark doesnt have any previous experience of this type of work， he believes hes to the task.
A. equalB. accessible
C. familiarD. allergic
9. Premier Li has announced recently that China will end the mobile phone roaming charges this year， people will see reductions in their bills.
A. whereB. which
C. whenD. that
10. Internet Plus has become a “new engine” of Chinas economy. If you the trend， you would be knocked out.
A. hadnt followedB. didnt follow
C. shouldnt followD. hasnt followed
11. —Are you still confident of the economy of our country？
—Sure， its pace of growth has been slowed.
A. only ifB. even if
C. now thatD. in case
12. The new electrical bus ， we are still in the dark about how long its battery can run on end.
A. being testedB. to be tested
C. testingD. having tested
13. The girl was almost herself with excitement when she knew she was admitted to a key university.
A. beyondB. against
C. besideD. over Careful though， you can become addicted to this successful habit！ So start now. Its never too late to study！
38. According to the author， after graduation most people .
A. dont know their career goals
B. want to attain further education
C. rarely read careerfriendly books
D. seldom read novels or other books
39. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A. Some reading skills.
B. The importance of goals.
C. Why people should keep reading.
D. What to read to boost ones career goals.
40. The author uses Brian Tracys words to .
A. explain how to read efficiently
B. stress the importance of studying
C. show how to find time for reading
D. explain how to develop ones interests
41. What is the best way of making time to read？
A. Staying up late into the night.
B. Getting up half an hour earlier.
C. Listening to books on tape when youre driving.
D. Decreasing the time spent in watching TV.
C
Each year， hikers and mountain bikers get lost or injured in the wilderness. Search and rescue efforts can involve 20 or more people. But a new “smart” drone （無人机） can follow hiking trails （小路） without a pilots assistance. This could allow rescuers to search more efficiently.
Scientists outfitted a craft with a single camera. As the drones “eye”， the camera pointed forwards. But having an eye wasnt enough. The drone also needed a “brain” to understand what it was seeing. And that brain would have to recognize what constitutes a trail. Camera images， however， can be very difficult for a computer to interpret， study leader Alessandro Giusti notes. So he and his team used photos of forest trails to train their drones neural network （神经网络）.
They attached three GoPro cameras to a single headband. One camera pointed straight forward. The other two were directed 30 degrees to the right and left of center. A hiker put the package on and then hit the trails in a forested part of Switzerland. Over several weeks， the cameras recorded a total of 8 hours of video covering 7 kilometers of trails.
The researchers then divided the video into individual still images to train the neural network. The network learned to identify what a trail looked like. The team then tested the program with unused images from the video. The computer did a slightly better job than the people had in correctly classifying the images. This meant the drone was ready to navigate the real world on its own. Giusti and his team took their now “smart” device to a forest with trails that had not been used in the drones training. It flew along the path， constantly adjusting its direction based on the images coming in through its camera. The drone didnt perform as well in reallife as it did in the lab， Giusti admits. Thats because the drones camera took lowerquality images than the cameras that had been used to train it. As a result， the images being taken by the drone looked different， he explains. This confused its neural network.
“Its an exciting use for neural networks，” says Christopher Rasmussen， a computervision scientist who was not involved with the study. “However， the problems faced in the experiments show that there are still some important issues to be worked out.”
42. The “smart” drone has been created in order to help .
A. find travelers who get lost
B. ensure the safety of travelers
C. deliver necessities to travelers
D. show travelers the way to a place
43. While being tested to classify the images in the lab， the computer .
A. did as well as the people
B. did a lot better than the people
C. did much worse than the people
D. did a little better than the people
44. Why didnt the drone perform well in the forest？
A. The light in the forest was very poor.
B. The trees or bushes covered the trail.
C. The drone couldnt fly very low there.
D. The pictures taken were of poor quality.
45. What is Christopher Rasmussens attitude towards the results of the experiments？
A. Critical.B. Cautious.
C. Objective.D. Optimistic.
D
When I was eighteen， I read a copy of Bill Brysons A Walk in the Woods. It was summer. My friend Andy and I had driven across the country and ended up in the town of Sheridan， where we stayed for a week with a friendly middleaged couple. Scanning the couples bookshelf， I was quietly shocked to discover that it was a literary desert. Brysons book was the only one Id brought， so， while Andy rode dirt bikes outside， I lay on a sofa in the basement， consuming it in controlled bursts， as if bolting （吞吃） food.
I had dreamed of hiking the Appalachian Trail since I was ten years old. From Brysons wellresearched account， I began to learn how it would feel to walk through two thousand miles of mountainous wilderness. “At times，” he writes， “you become almost certain that you passed this hillside three days ago， crossed this stream yesterday， and climbed over this fallen tree at least twice today already. But most of the time you dont think. Walking for hours and miles becomes as breathing.”
Around page one hundred， I reached the passage where Bryson and his hiking partner studied a map in an outdoors store and they were overcome by the sight of how little of it they had already walked and then decided to skip the state of North Carolina and drive to Virginia. I let out a howl of anger and threw the book against the wall. But needing to know the end of the book， I picked it back up again. I repeated the cycle （howl， throw， get back） when Bryson decided to quit a quarter of the way through the HundredMile Wilderness， at which point he concluded， “I dont care what anybody says. We hiked the Appalachian Trail.” There， in that basement， I made up my mind that day to hike the trail the right way： from end to end， in one continuous trip， which is often called a “thruhike”. I eventually did so in 2009. It was roughly how Bryson described it： long， hard， and dull， but also beautiful. While hiking the trail， I learned that whenever a thruhiker met a dayhiker， who is referred to by thruhikers somewhat dismissively （輕蔑地） as “just out for the day”， the dayhiker would always ask the same question， “Have you read A Walk in the Woods？”
Many thruhikers are angry at this question. For them， the continuity is the point， in the same way that running a marathon is more meaningful than running four separate 6.5mile races.
Bryson thus finds himself in the curious position of being both the outward face of the Appalachian Trail and its most inwardly mocked （嘲笑） figure. The same is true of other dayhikers， including bestseller authors. The question arises： why are some most famous accounts of hiking the worlds most famous longdistance trails written by people who did not hike the whole distance？
I would argue that the loneliness and nature of a longdistance hike fits quite nicely with the thinking of most readers. The dusty trails of Amazon are full of the footsteps of successful thruhikes， most of whom are the authors of trail journals. These books have a limited audience， whereas the books that become bestsellers speak to people who would never go on a longdistance hike.
It has been twelve years since I last read A Walk in the Woods. Recently， while working on my own book about trails， I picked up my old copy again. This time I read it as a writer， rather than a hiker. It felt fresh. It somehow manages to provide an overview of both the long history and the vast expanse of the trail. In the end， as at the beginning， I found A Walk in the Woods a delightful little book. Still， I dont care what anybody， including the author， says， “Bill Bryson did not thru hike the Appalachian Trail.”
46. What did the author think about the couples bookshelf？
A. There were no interesting books on it.
B. It was covered with sand and dust.
C. It was placed in the basement.
D. There were lots of books on it.
47. According to the passage， Bryson felt his trip across the Appalachian Trail was .
A. unsuccessfulB. boring
C. excitingD. wellplanned
48. Why did the author throw the book against the wall？ A. He regretted reading the book.
B. He wanted to go out playing with Andy.
C. He felt he should hike the Appalachian Trail.
D. He thought Bryson shouldnt take the short cut.
49. After publishing the book A Walk in the Woods， Bryson found himself .
A. developing a passion for writing
B. in an awkward situation
C. laughed at by other dayhikers
D. too tired to continue hiking
50. What can be learnt about the hiking books written by dayhikers？
A. Most of their readers might be the people who would not go on a long hike.
B. They are written in plain language and easier for people to understand.
C. Most dayhikers think it necessary to write them after a hike.
D. Their popularity is largely due to the fame of their authors.
四、任務型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The task of writing a comprehensible （可理解的） piece of work involves taking into account many complicated factors that go unnoticed by the readers eyes. One such very important aspect in writing any kind of piece is critical thinking. Critical thinking can be said to be the practice of examining every aspect of every topic carefully， analyzing it logically， weighing its pros and cons carefully， and then making an inference about it. Unless one can critically look at every aspect of what he intends to write about， there are minimal （the smallest） chances of him being successful in coming up with something that makes sense not only to himself， but also to his readers.
Therefore， its essential to apply critical thinking to make the final product understandable and impressive. The first step of using critical thinking in writing is to try to know why you want to write. So you should ask yourself questions like： What are you writing about and why are you writing about it？ Now that you have chosen the topic， what aspect of the topic are you going to focus on？ And as to the aspect youre focusing on， what issues are you going to study and analyze and reach a conclusion about？ Once you answer all these questions， you know exactly what youre doing.
The next step is to keep your thoughts organized. Namely， we have to have proper control over what we write about. Once we organize our thoughts， theres little room for confusion. This is a very important step because an unorganized mind becomes very apparent in a persons writing. This could not only damage the impression that the reader has about the writer， but could also lead to confusion. Another important step you mustnt ignore is being logical. You need to develop your critical thinking skills by enforcing a strict sense of logic. Being logical helps you not only critically analyze a particular subject in detail， but also have an open mind which will prevent you from coming to conclusions before you have examined every aspect thoroughly. Plus， it also leaves little room for doubt.
The last important step of all is to give your piece of writing a solid and dependable base. By using references and citations （引文） in your work you give it more reliability. It also shows that youre a learner who has taken assistance from other learners and experts.
Critical thinking in writing
The （51） of critical thinking
● Critical thinking refers to the practice of （52） an inference of a topic on overall examination， logical analysis， and careful thought.
● Critical thinking makes it （53） for a writer to come up with something meaningful.
Steps of using critical thinking
Knowing the （54） of writingHave a thorough （55） of what you will write about by asking yourself questions.
Organizing your thoughts● Organized thoughts prevent your readers from getting （56） .
● Organized thoughts make readers have a good （57） on the writer.
Being logical● It makes you draw conclusions （58） .
● It can reduce readers （59） about your writing.
Polishing up your writingUse references and citations to make your writing more （60） .
五、書面表达（满分25分）
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
1. Currently， theres no country in the enitre world where women earn as much as men for doing the same job. And its going to take another 81 years to close the gender gap， according to a new report by the World Economic Forum. The US， for instance， ranked the 65th in wage equality among 142 countries in the report.
2. Both men and women in the US see inequalities in the workplace—77% of women and 63% of men said， “America needs to continue making changes to give men and women equality in the workplace，” according to a Pew Research Center survey. Besides， according to the White House， fulltime working women earn 77% of what their male colleagues earn.
3. Roughly fourinten mothers in the US say they have taken a significant amount of time off from work or reduced their working hours to care for a child or other family members. Roughly a quarter say they have quit work altogether to take on these familial responsibilites. 【写作内容】
1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2. 结合上述信息，简要分析导致性别收入差距的原因；
3. 请你从多个方面谈谈如何缩小性别收入差距。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
参考答案
一、1—5 BDCCB6—10 ADACB11—15 BACDD
二、16—20 BDBCB21—25 DCADC26—30 AADCB31—35 CBBAD
三、36—40 CBCDC41—45 CADDC46—50 ABDBA
四、51. explanation / concept / definition / meaning52. basing53. possible / easy
54. purpose / aim / intention55. understanding56. confused
57. impression58. carefully / cautiously
59. doubt60. reliable / dependable
五、One possible version：
Theres clear evidence of a pay gap between male and female employees. And its a common phenomenon that a woman earns much less than a man for doing the same job.
Many factors contribute to the gender pay gap. One is that women have to reduce their working hours or even quit their jobs to carry out their family duty of looking after children or the other family members and thus are paid less than men. In addition， due to gender discrimination， a male employee can get higherwage jobs more easily in a company than a female one.
What can be done to narrow the gender pay gap？ For women， they should value and imporve their competence first. The employers should make efforts to ensure they treat men and women equally. And the government also has the responsibility to make the equalpay laws and get them enforced strongly.
（作者：王祥國，江苏省平潮高级中学）
1. The process of finding your passion is about having the satisfaction that you tried your best the regret of not giving it just one more chance.
A. other thanB. rather than
C. more thanD. less than
2. Respect the elderly， for their unconditional love and enriched life experiences are the treasures of the world are hidden.
A. whyB. when
C. whatD. where
3. What makes a good speaker is his or her ability to an audiences needs and concerns.
A. exceedB. exploit
C. anticipateD. accumulate
4. Susan couldnt， ， defend her brother at the court， as she knew he should take the blame.
A. in good faithB. in good spirits
C. in good conscienceD. in good condition
5. Post70s generation are generally believed to be under great pressure， because they are known as the “sandwich generation”， between kids and parents.
A. catchingB. caught
C. to be caughtD. having caught
6. Michael may be a man of little in the eyes of his former boss， but hes somebody here in our company.
A. consequenceB. convenience
C. considerationD. conservation
7. The Chinese Dream I believe in now is a shared one. Its not so much about what I can get for myself； its about how we can all together.
A. get alongB. get through
C. get upD. get by
8. Though Mark doesnt have any previous experience of this type of work， he believes hes to the task.
A. equalB. accessible
C. familiarD. allergic
9. Premier Li has announced recently that China will end the mobile phone roaming charges this year， people will see reductions in their bills.
A. whereB. which
C. whenD. that
10. Internet Plus has become a “new engine” of Chinas economy. If you the trend， you would be knocked out.
A. hadnt followedB. didnt follow
C. shouldnt followD. hasnt followed
11. —Are you still confident of the economy of our country？
—Sure， its pace of growth has been slowed.
A. only ifB. even if
C. now thatD. in case
12. The new electrical bus ， we are still in the dark about how long its battery can run on end.
A. being testedB. to be tested
C. testingD. having tested
13. The girl was almost herself with excitement when she knew she was admitted to a key university.
A. beyondB. against
C. besideD. over Careful though， you can become addicted to this successful habit！ So start now. Its never too late to study！
38. According to the author， after graduation most people .
A. dont know their career goals
B. want to attain further education
C. rarely read careerfriendly books
D. seldom read novels or other books
39. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A. Some reading skills.
B. The importance of goals.
C. Why people should keep reading.
D. What to read to boost ones career goals.
40. The author uses Brian Tracys words to .
A. explain how to read efficiently
B. stress the importance of studying
C. show how to find time for reading
D. explain how to develop ones interests
41. What is the best way of making time to read？
A. Staying up late into the night.
B. Getting up half an hour earlier.
C. Listening to books on tape when youre driving.
D. Decreasing the time spent in watching TV.
C
Each year， hikers and mountain bikers get lost or injured in the wilderness. Search and rescue efforts can involve 20 or more people. But a new “smart” drone （無人机） can follow hiking trails （小路） without a pilots assistance. This could allow rescuers to search more efficiently.
Scientists outfitted a craft with a single camera. As the drones “eye”， the camera pointed forwards. But having an eye wasnt enough. The drone also needed a “brain” to understand what it was seeing. And that brain would have to recognize what constitutes a trail. Camera images， however， can be very difficult for a computer to interpret， study leader Alessandro Giusti notes. So he and his team used photos of forest trails to train their drones neural network （神经网络）.
They attached three GoPro cameras to a single headband. One camera pointed straight forward. The other two were directed 30 degrees to the right and left of center. A hiker put the package on and then hit the trails in a forested part of Switzerland. Over several weeks， the cameras recorded a total of 8 hours of video covering 7 kilometers of trails.
The researchers then divided the video into individual still images to train the neural network. The network learned to identify what a trail looked like. The team then tested the program with unused images from the video. The computer did a slightly better job than the people had in correctly classifying the images. This meant the drone was ready to navigate the real world on its own. Giusti and his team took their now “smart” device to a forest with trails that had not been used in the drones training. It flew along the path， constantly adjusting its direction based on the images coming in through its camera. The drone didnt perform as well in reallife as it did in the lab， Giusti admits. Thats because the drones camera took lowerquality images than the cameras that had been used to train it. As a result， the images being taken by the drone looked different， he explains. This confused its neural network.
“Its an exciting use for neural networks，” says Christopher Rasmussen， a computervision scientist who was not involved with the study. “However， the problems faced in the experiments show that there are still some important issues to be worked out.”
42. The “smart” drone has been created in order to help .
A. find travelers who get lost
B. ensure the safety of travelers
C. deliver necessities to travelers
D. show travelers the way to a place
43. While being tested to classify the images in the lab， the computer .
A. did as well as the people
B. did a lot better than the people
C. did much worse than the people
D. did a little better than the people
44. Why didnt the drone perform well in the forest？
A. The light in the forest was very poor.
B. The trees or bushes covered the trail.
C. The drone couldnt fly very low there.
D. The pictures taken were of poor quality.
45. What is Christopher Rasmussens attitude towards the results of the experiments？
A. Critical.B. Cautious.
C. Objective.D. Optimistic.
D
When I was eighteen， I read a copy of Bill Brysons A Walk in the Woods. It was summer. My friend Andy and I had driven across the country and ended up in the town of Sheridan， where we stayed for a week with a friendly middleaged couple. Scanning the couples bookshelf， I was quietly shocked to discover that it was a literary desert. Brysons book was the only one Id brought， so， while Andy rode dirt bikes outside， I lay on a sofa in the basement， consuming it in controlled bursts， as if bolting （吞吃） food.
I had dreamed of hiking the Appalachian Trail since I was ten years old. From Brysons wellresearched account， I began to learn how it would feel to walk through two thousand miles of mountainous wilderness. “At times，” he writes， “you become almost certain that you passed this hillside three days ago， crossed this stream yesterday， and climbed over this fallen tree at least twice today already. But most of the time you dont think. Walking for hours and miles becomes as breathing.”
Around page one hundred， I reached the passage where Bryson and his hiking partner studied a map in an outdoors store and they were overcome by the sight of how little of it they had already walked and then decided to skip the state of North Carolina and drive to Virginia. I let out a howl of anger and threw the book against the wall. But needing to know the end of the book， I picked it back up again. I repeated the cycle （howl， throw， get back） when Bryson decided to quit a quarter of the way through the HundredMile Wilderness， at which point he concluded， “I dont care what anybody says. We hiked the Appalachian Trail.” There， in that basement， I made up my mind that day to hike the trail the right way： from end to end， in one continuous trip， which is often called a “thruhike”. I eventually did so in 2009. It was roughly how Bryson described it： long， hard， and dull， but also beautiful. While hiking the trail， I learned that whenever a thruhiker met a dayhiker， who is referred to by thruhikers somewhat dismissively （輕蔑地） as “just out for the day”， the dayhiker would always ask the same question， “Have you read A Walk in the Woods？”
Many thruhikers are angry at this question. For them， the continuity is the point， in the same way that running a marathon is more meaningful than running four separate 6.5mile races.
Bryson thus finds himself in the curious position of being both the outward face of the Appalachian Trail and its most inwardly mocked （嘲笑） figure. The same is true of other dayhikers， including bestseller authors. The question arises： why are some most famous accounts of hiking the worlds most famous longdistance trails written by people who did not hike the whole distance？
I would argue that the loneliness and nature of a longdistance hike fits quite nicely with the thinking of most readers. The dusty trails of Amazon are full of the footsteps of successful thruhikes， most of whom are the authors of trail journals. These books have a limited audience， whereas the books that become bestsellers speak to people who would never go on a longdistance hike.
It has been twelve years since I last read A Walk in the Woods. Recently， while working on my own book about trails， I picked up my old copy again. This time I read it as a writer， rather than a hiker. It felt fresh. It somehow manages to provide an overview of both the long history and the vast expanse of the trail. In the end， as at the beginning， I found A Walk in the Woods a delightful little book. Still， I dont care what anybody， including the author， says， “Bill Bryson did not thru hike the Appalachian Trail.”
46. What did the author think about the couples bookshelf？
A. There were no interesting books on it.
B. It was covered with sand and dust.
C. It was placed in the basement.
D. There were lots of books on it.
47. According to the passage， Bryson felt his trip across the Appalachian Trail was .
A. unsuccessfulB. boring
C. excitingD. wellplanned
48. Why did the author throw the book against the wall？ A. He regretted reading the book.
B. He wanted to go out playing with Andy.
C. He felt he should hike the Appalachian Trail.
D. He thought Bryson shouldnt take the short cut.
49. After publishing the book A Walk in the Woods， Bryson found himself .
A. developing a passion for writing
B. in an awkward situation
C. laughed at by other dayhikers
D. too tired to continue hiking
50. What can be learnt about the hiking books written by dayhikers？
A. Most of their readers might be the people who would not go on a long hike.
B. They are written in plain language and easier for people to understand.
C. Most dayhikers think it necessary to write them after a hike.
D. Their popularity is largely due to the fame of their authors.
四、任務型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The task of writing a comprehensible （可理解的） piece of work involves taking into account many complicated factors that go unnoticed by the readers eyes. One such very important aspect in writing any kind of piece is critical thinking. Critical thinking can be said to be the practice of examining every aspect of every topic carefully， analyzing it logically， weighing its pros and cons carefully， and then making an inference about it. Unless one can critically look at every aspect of what he intends to write about， there are minimal （the smallest） chances of him being successful in coming up with something that makes sense not only to himself， but also to his readers.
Therefore， its essential to apply critical thinking to make the final product understandable and impressive. The first step of using critical thinking in writing is to try to know why you want to write. So you should ask yourself questions like： What are you writing about and why are you writing about it？ Now that you have chosen the topic， what aspect of the topic are you going to focus on？ And as to the aspect youre focusing on， what issues are you going to study and analyze and reach a conclusion about？ Once you answer all these questions， you know exactly what youre doing.
The next step is to keep your thoughts organized. Namely， we have to have proper control over what we write about. Once we organize our thoughts， theres little room for confusion. This is a very important step because an unorganized mind becomes very apparent in a persons writing. This could not only damage the impression that the reader has about the writer， but could also lead to confusion. Another important step you mustnt ignore is being logical. You need to develop your critical thinking skills by enforcing a strict sense of logic. Being logical helps you not only critically analyze a particular subject in detail， but also have an open mind which will prevent you from coming to conclusions before you have examined every aspect thoroughly. Plus， it also leaves little room for doubt.
The last important step of all is to give your piece of writing a solid and dependable base. By using references and citations （引文） in your work you give it more reliability. It also shows that youre a learner who has taken assistance from other learners and experts.
Critical thinking in writing
The （51） of critical thinking
● Critical thinking refers to the practice of （52） an inference of a topic on overall examination， logical analysis， and careful thought.
● Critical thinking makes it （53） for a writer to come up with something meaningful.
Steps of using critical thinking
Knowing the （54） of writingHave a thorough （55） of what you will write about by asking yourself questions.
Organizing your thoughts● Organized thoughts prevent your readers from getting （56） .
● Organized thoughts make readers have a good （57） on the writer.
Being logical● It makes you draw conclusions （58） .
● It can reduce readers （59） about your writing.
Polishing up your writingUse references and citations to make your writing more （60） .
五、書面表达（满分25分）
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
1. Currently， theres no country in the enitre world where women earn as much as men for doing the same job. And its going to take another 81 years to close the gender gap， according to a new report by the World Economic Forum. The US， for instance， ranked the 65th in wage equality among 142 countries in the report.
2. Both men and women in the US see inequalities in the workplace—77% of women and 63% of men said， “America needs to continue making changes to give men and women equality in the workplace，” according to a Pew Research Center survey. Besides， according to the White House， fulltime working women earn 77% of what their male colleagues earn.
3. Roughly fourinten mothers in the US say they have taken a significant amount of time off from work or reduced their working hours to care for a child or other family members. Roughly a quarter say they have quit work altogether to take on these familial responsibilites. 【写作内容】
1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2. 结合上述信息，简要分析导致性别收入差距的原因；
3. 请你从多个方面谈谈如何缩小性别收入差距。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
参考答案
一、1—5 BDCCB6—10 ADACB11—15 BACDD
二、16—20 BDBCB21—25 DCADC26—30 AADCB31—35 CBBAD
三、36—40 CBCDC41—45 CADDC46—50 ABDBA
四、51. explanation / concept / definition / meaning52. basing53. possible / easy
54. purpose / aim / intention55. understanding56. confused
57. impression58. carefully / cautiously
59. doubt60. reliable / dependable
五、One possible version：
Theres clear evidence of a pay gap between male and female employees. And its a common phenomenon that a woman earns much less than a man for doing the same job.
Many factors contribute to the gender pay gap. One is that women have to reduce their working hours or even quit their jobs to carry out their family duty of looking after children or the other family members and thus are paid less than men. In addition， due to gender discrimination， a male employee can get higherwage jobs more easily in a company than a female one.
What can be done to narrow the gender pay gap？ For women， they should value and imporve their competence first. The employers should make efforts to ensure they treat men and women equally. And the government also has the responsibility to make the equalpay laws and get them enforced strongly.
（作者：王祥國，江苏省平潮高级中学）