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方法 利用不同的培养基对不同的菌种进行培养并改变温度等条件 ,对菌种进行驯化、培养 ,同时对其进行评价和对原油乳化能力进行测试。目的 获得某一菌株的代谢产品 ,分离检测和评价其表面活性剂的种类、含量和效果。结果 通过不同的试验条件 ,选出了一株产表面活性剂较多的菌株 ,可以使蒸馏水的表面张力由 88 0mN/m降到 39 0mN/m。该菌能在以液蜡为唯一碳源的培养基中生长 ,但产生的表面活性剂很少 ,而在含糖培养基中则产生较多的表面活性剂。经分离、提纯、分析为脂肽 (或脂蛋白 ) ,其产物水解后 ,经薄层层析测出主要成分为氨基酸和脂肪酸。结论 通过实验证明 ,微生物在合适的条件下进行新陈代谢 ,可以产生大量的表面活性剂 ,对原油具有较强的乳化、分散作用 ,在微生物采油技术的应用中非常重要。同时也为微生物采油的机理研究提供了可靠的数据和相应的评价方法。
Methods Different culture media were used to culture different bacteria and the conditions of temperature were changed. The bacteria were domesticated and cultivated, evaluated and their emulsification ability was tested. OBJECTIVE To obtain the metabolites of a certain strain, separate and test the type, content and effect of its surfactants. Results A strain with more surfactants was selected by different experimental conditions to reduce the surface tension of distilled water from 88 0 mN / m to 39 0 mN / m. The bacterium can grow in a medium that uses liquid wax as the sole carbon source, but produces very few surfactants and more surfactant in sugar-containing media. After separation, purification, analysis for the lipopeptide (or lipoprotein), the product after hydrolysis, the main components detected by thin-layer chromatography of amino acids and fatty acids. Conclusions The experiment proves that the microorganisms can be metabolized under suitable conditions and produce a large amount of surfactant, which has strong emulsifying and dispersing effects on crude oil, and is very important in the application of microbial oil recovery technology. At the same time, it also provides reliable data and corresponding evaluation methods for the mechanism of microbial recovery.