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构造地质学的基础工作是研究褶皱与断层的形态。以往对于地质构造形态的研究,主要是定性地描述;或者在地形平坦的条件下,求褶皱的横截面与断层的总滑距。近年来,D.M.拉根所著《构造地质学——几何方法导论》一书,全面介绍了用几何方法研究构造形态的方法。他在书中介绍了在地形起伏情况下作褶皱横截面图的方法,但在某些情况下应用有局限性,作图方法较为复杂。书中没有介绍在地形起伏情况下如何求断层总滑距的方法。现在本文作者在前人工作的基础上,提出另一种在地形起伏情况下作褶皱横截面图的方法,这种方法在较少情况下应用有局限性,作图方法较为简便。作者在此同时提出了作褶皱纵截面图与顶(底)截面图的二种方法,以便能够全面定量地研究褶皱的形态。作者在此还提出了在地形起伏情况下求断层总滑距的方法,以及在构造等高线图上求断层面形态。总滑距与褶皱三个方向截面图的方法。
The basic task of tectonic geology is to study the form of folds and faults. In the past, the research on the geological structures was mainly qualitatively described. Or, under the condition of flat terrain, the cross section of the folds and the total slippage of the fault were found. In recent years, D.M. Lagan’s book, “Introduction to Geomagnetism - Introduction to Geometry,” provides a comprehensive introduction to methods for studying the structural morphology using geometric methods. In his book, he introduced the method of making wrinkled cross-sections in the case of undulating terrain, but there are limitations in some cases and the method of plotting is more complex. The book does not describe how to find the total slippage of the fault in undulating terrain. Now, on the basis of the work of predecessors, the author proposes another method for making wrinkled cross-sectional images under the condition of undulating topography. This method is limited in fewer situations and the method of drawing is simpler. At the same time, the authors put forward two methods of making wrinkled longitudinal section and top section (bottom section) so that the shape of the wrinkles can be fully and quantitatively studied. Here, the authors also propose a method to find the total slippage of the fault under the undulation of the terrain, and to find the slice morphology on the constructed contour map. Total slippage and wrinkling three directions cross-sectional method.