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生物杂种具有一定的优势是生物界的普遍现象。玉米、高粱、水稻等农作物杂种已在生产中大面积运用。油菜杂种也具有很强的优势,据试验统计,优势杂种比当地推广的优良品种增产5.9—95.5%,一般增产30—40%以上。因此,培育优势杂种用于生产,是大幅度提高油菜产量的重要途径。油菜是雌雄同花,花朵小,甘兰型油菜70%以上的植株可自花授粉,杂种的出现率很低。因此,利用油菜杂种,必须首先解决产生杂种的方法。产生油菜杂种的途径很多,我们利用油菜自交不亲和性产生杂种的途径做了三年工作,已初步选育出适应北方气候条件的四个甘兰型自交不亲和系。
Biological hybrids have certain advantages that are common in the biological world. Maize, sorghum, rice and other crops hybrids have been widely used in the production. Rape hybrids also have strong advantages. According to experimental statistics, superior hybrids yield 5.9-95.5% more than the excellent varieties popularized locally, and generally increase the output by more than 30-40%. Therefore, cultivating the dominant hybrids for production is an important way to significantly increase the yield of rapeseed. Rape is a monoecious flower, small flowers, more than 70% of Brassica napus plants can be self-pollination, the incidence of hybrids is very low. Therefore, the use of rape hybrids, we must first solve the hybrid method. There are many ways to produce rapeseed hybrids. We made three years of work by using rapeseed self-incompatibility to produce hybrids, and initially cultivated four haploid self-incompatible lines that adapt to northern climatic conditions.