人与环境的关系十分密切。当自然环境发生变化时,对人们的身体和心理都会产生不同程度的影响。在构成自然环境的众多要素中,天气是一个最活跃的因素,天气的冷暖、阴晴和气压的高低、日照的长短都与人体的健康息息相关。气温与健康人的体温恒定在37摄氏度左右,人体感觉最舒适的环境温度为20—28摄氏度,而对人体健康最理想的环境温度是18摄氏度左右。人体对冷热有一定的适应调节功能,但是温度过高或过低,都会对人体健康产生不良影响。冬季当环境温度在4摄氏度以下时,由于气候干燥,人的鼻粘膜、嘴、手脚皮肤弹性下降,常常会出现许多小裂口,呼吸道疾病、肺心病发生率最高;春季气温回升,有助于病毒、细菌等微生物的生长繁殖,增加了被虫咬蚊叮机会,传染病容易流行;夏天当环境温度上升到30-35摄氏度时,皮肤血液循环旺盛,人会感 The relationship between man and the environment is very close. When the natural environment changes, people’s body and mind will have varying degrees of impact. Among the many elements that make up the natural environment, the weather is one of the most active factors. The weather is warm and cold, cloudy and airy, and the length of the sunshine is closely related to human health. Temperatures and healthy people’s body temperature is constant at 37 degrees Celsius, the human body feel the most comfortable ambient temperature of 20-28 degrees Celsius, and the most ideal for human health, the ambient temperature is about 18 degrees Celsius. The body has some adaptation to the hot and cold conditioning function, but the temperature is too high or too low, will have a negative impact on human health. Winter when the ambient temperature below 4 degrees Celsius, due to dry climate, the human nasal mucosa, mouth, hands and feet skin elasticity decreased, there will often be many small openings, respiratory disease, the highest incidence of pulmonary heart disease; spring temperatures rise, contribute to the virus , Bacteria and other microorganisms growth and reproduction, insect bites increased by the bite opportunities, infectious diseases prone to epidemic; summer when the ambient temperature rose to 30-35 degrees Celsius, the skin blood circulation, people will feel