孤残儿童是患有肢体残疾或智力残疾的孤儿。目前,中国的孤儿养育模式分为在院舍集体养育和散居孤儿养育。对比两种不同的成长模式,集体养育模式的孤儿生活环境较为封闭,较少接触社会,常常出现自卑、冷漠、攻击性强等问题,而其中患有残疾的孤儿出现的问题就更加复杂。“优势视角”关注人的内在力量和优势资源,把人们及其环境中的优势和资源作为社会工作助人过程关注的焦点,而非关注其问题。 Orphans and disabled children are orphans with physical or mental disability. At present, China’s orphan nourishment model is divided into residential nurseries and scattered orphan nourishment. Comparing two different growth modes, the orphan living in the collective parenting environment is relatively closed and has less contact with the society. Problems such as low self-esteem, indifference and aggressiveness often appear, and the problems of orphans with disabilities are even more complicated. “Advantage Perspective ” focuses on the inner strength and superior resources of people and takes the advantages and resources of people and their environment as the focus of the social work assistance process, instead of paying attention to its problems.