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在黄河故道地区栽培的国光苹果,花期很不整齐,不同花期的花朵座果率差异很大,往往出现满树花半树果。1972～1981十年中有四年由于严重落花落果而造成大减产。为此,我们对花期与花芽生理分化以及内源激素活性的关系作了探讨。 材料和方法 试验材料为国光成年树,树势中等,亩产2000斤。从1974年开始到1982年按开花的早晚分成早期花、中期花和晚期花,进行记录。并在同一树上按早、中、晚期花各选100朵,共选10株树,每一期花共1000朵,测定花芽和子房直径,花梗长度,每一花序的花数,子房重和座果率等。胚珠寿命的测定按下法进行。在花前去雄套袋,分别在开花当天、2天、3天、4天、5天进行人工授粉,花后两星期计算座果率,每一处理100朵花,3次重复。另外,在花前3天、开花当天、花后3天、6天取早、中、晚期花各1000朵,去萼、称重,冲洗、风干,快速冰冻,贮于-10℃冰箱中。糖用磷钼酸比色法;淀粉用盐酸水解法;蛋白质用凯氏法;生长调节物测定基本上按照吕忠恕等方
Guguang apple cultivated in the old course of the Yellow River, the flowering period is not neat, flowers at different flowering rates vary greatly, often with full tree flower half fruit. In the four years from 1972 to 1981, the output was reduced greatly due to the serious drop of fruit. To this end, we discussed the relationship between flowering and flower bud physiological differentiation and endogenous hormone activity. Materials and methods Test material Guoguang adult tree, medium tree vigor, yield 2000 kg. From 1974 to 1982, according to flowering sooner or later divided into early flowers, medium-term flowers and late flowers, recorded. And in the same tree according to early, middle and late flowers of each election 100, a total of 10 trees were selected, a total of 1000 flower each period, flower buds and ovary diameter, pedicel length, the number of flowers per inflorescence, ovary And fruit rate and so on. Determination of ovule life according to the method. Male flowers were bagged before flowering. Artificial pollination was performed on the day of flowering, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days respectively. The fruit rate was calculated two weeks after flowering. Each flower was treated 100 times and repeated 3 times. In addition, 3 days before flowering, flowering day, 3 days after anthesis, 6 days to take early, middle and late flowers each 1000, go calyx, weighing, washing, drying, rapid freezing, stored in -10 ℃ refrigerator. Sugar phosphomolybdic acid colorimetric method; hydrolysis of starch with hydrochloric acid; protein Kjeldahl; growth regulator measured basically in accordance with Lv Zhongshu et al