自学能力是有多种心理机能参与的一种综合性能力,它本身属于一般的学习能力范畴,但在各个学科领域又有它特殊的体现。在化学教学中如何培养学生的自学能力和自学习惯,我们通过一年多的化学自学精讲教学试验,作了一些初步探讨。一、中学生自学过程中的心理因素中学化学教学面对的是15-18岁的青少年,他(她)们经过连贯、系统的小学和二年的初中教育后,都自觉或不自觉地具备了一定的阅读能力、观察能力、思维能力等各种能力。进入普通中学的学生一般都是学习成绩中等或较差的,这些学生成绩不好,往往不是因为智力方面的原因而是缺乏毅力和勤奋精神,缺乏自学能力和自学习惯。若在这些学生中注意培养自学能力,他们将在自学过程中极为迅速地 Self-study ability is a kind of comprehensive ability with many kinds of psychological functions. It belongs to the category of general learning ability, but it also has its special embodiment in various subject areas. How to cultivate students’ self-learning abilities and self-learning habits in chemistry teaching, we have made some preliminary discussions through more than one year of chemical self-study teaching. I. Psychological factors in secondary school students’ self-learning process Middle school chemistry teaching is faced with teenagers aged 15-18. He or she has consciously or unconsciously acquired a coherent, systematic primary school and two years of junior high school education. Certain reading ability, observation ability, thinking ability and other capabilities. Students entering ordinary high schools generally have medium or poor academic performance. These students do not perform well. They are often not due to intellectual reasons but lack perseverance and diligence, lack of self-study ability and self-learning habits. If these students pay attention to self-learning ability, they will be extremely fast in the self-learning process.