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目的:了解凉山州彝、汉族孕妇艾滋病自愿咨询检测的影响因素。方法:对凉山州彝、汉族孕妇采用填问卷的方式,进行有关VCT的认知、态度、行为现状及影响因素的问卷调查。结果:1 790例被调查者中363例不知道艾滋病,其中彝族孕妇315例。1 427例知道艾滋病的孕妇:616例不知道VCT免费,其中彝族孕妇214例;800例没有做过艾滋病病毒抗体检测,其中彝族孕妇346例;983例愿意参加VCT检测,其中彝族孕妇611例。不同文化程度孕妇的艾滋病检测率差异有统计学意义,中专/大专及以上组与文盲、初中/高中组相比HIV检测率高。孕妇未做艾滋病检测位列前5的重要因素:44.6%的孕妇认为自己不会得艾滋病,没有必要检测;39.6%从未想到要做检测;22.0%不知道在哪里检测;9.5%的孕妇害怕检测阳性会离婚或受到家庭排斥;8.5%的孕妇怕麻烦、害怕结果阳性,被人看不起。结论:应加强对艾滋病知识和相关政策的宣传,在孕妇人群中广泛开展VCT的宣传,作为艾滋病母婴阻断干预的重点。
Objective: To understand the influencing factors of AIDS voluntary counseling and testing among pregnant women in Yi and Han nationality in Liangshan Prefecture. Methods: Questionnaires were collected from pregnant women of Yi and Han nationality in Liangshan Prefecture by means of questionnaire. The questionnaire survey on the cognition, attitude, behavior status and influencing factors of VCT was conducted. Results: Of the 1 790 respondents, 363 did not know AIDS, of which 315 were Yi women. 1 427 Pregnant women who knew of AIDS: 616 cases did not know VCT free, of which 214 were Yi women, 800 were HIV-negative, 346 were Yi women, and 983 were willing to participate in VCT tests, among which 61 were Yi women. HIV prevalence rates among pregnant women of different education levels were statistically different. HIV testing rate was higher among secondary school / college and above and illiterate, junior high school / high school. Pregnant women did not do AIDS test among the top 5 important factors: 44.6% of pregnant women think they will not get AIDS, there is no need to test; 39.6% never thought to do testing; 22.0% do not know where to test; 9.5% of pregnant women afraid Positive test will divorce or family exclusion; 8.5% of pregnant women afraid of trouble, afraid of positive results, was looked down upon. CONCLUSIONS: Publicity on HIV / AIDS knowledge and related policies should be strengthened and VCT should be widely disseminated among pregnant women as the focus of HIV / AIDS prevention interventions.