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胸腔积液是许多疾病过程中的一种常见并发症。采用标准的检测胸液的方法,仍有大约20％的病例不能明确其病因。胸液细胞学和针刺胸膜活检,可提供具有诊断价值的材料,但往往不易得到。所以多数病例的诊断是依靠临床表现、胸液特征及治疗效果等进行综合分析而成立的。胸液酸碱度及气体分析可为鉴别诊断提供一定的依据。近年来,许多学者对胸腔积液的酸碱度和气体分析进行了观察研究,为胸液的病因学鉴别诊断、指导治疗和判断预后提供了一定的间接依据。
Pleural effusion is a common complication in many diseases. With standard methods for the detection of thoracic fluid, about 20% of cases are still not clear about its cause. Pleural fluid cytology and acupuncture pleural biopsy provide diagnostically valuable materials that are often not easily available. Therefore, the diagnosis of most cases is based on a comprehensive analysis of clinical manifestations, pleural fluid characteristics, and therapeutic effects. The pleural pH and gas analysis provide a basis for differential diagnosis. In recent years, many scholars have observed the pH and gas analysis of pleural effusions and provided some indirect evidence for differential diagnosis of pleural fluid, guiding treatment, and predicting prognosis.