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目的:制作5~15岁儿童下颌恒牙发育时间表,分析各恒牙的发育高峰期,探讨恒牙发育的性别差异。方法:利用Demirjian法记录928名5~15岁儿童及青少年的下颌恒牙发育分期,采用SPSS 22.0软件包绘制各恒牙的发育折线和发育拟合曲线,列表汇总重要发育节点的年龄值,记录发育折线的斜率增大区间,比较男女恒牙发育的异同。结果:恒中切牙、恒侧切牙均在6.50~7.50岁经历发育高峰期,而第一、第二恒前磨牙则为7.00~8.00岁。男性下颌第一恒磨牙的发育高峰期在6.50~7.50岁和8.50~9.50岁。女性的发育整体早于男性,但发育曲线并无显著不同。结论:本研究确定了适合本地区青少年的下颌恒牙发育高峰期与发育时间表,与其他地区和人种的数据存在差异。女性下颌恒牙的发育先于男性,各牙的发育曲线相似。
OBJECTIVE: To make a timeline for the development of mandibular permanent teeth in children aged 5-15 years, to analyze the developmental peak of each permanent tooth, and to explore the gender differences in the development of permanent teeth. Methods: Demirjian method was used to record the developmental stages of the mandibular permanent teeth of 928 children and adolescents aged 5-15 years. The developmental curves and development curves of the permanent teeth were plotted by SPSS 22.0 software package. The age distribution of important developmental nodes was summarized and recorded The development of the slope of the broken line to increase the interval, compare the same development of male and female permanent teeth. Results: The permanent central incisors and permanent lateral incisors all experienced the peak of development at 6.50-7.50 years, while the first and second permanent premolars were 7.00-8.00 years old. Male mandibular first permanent molar development peak at 6.50 to 7.50 years and 8.50 to 9.50 years. The overall development of women earlier than men, but the development curve is not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the peak and developmental schedule of mandibular permanent teeth for adolescents in the region, with differences from other regions and ethnic populations. The development of female mandibular permanent teeth preceded that of male, and the developmental curves of each tooth were similar.