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一、区域生态问题1.水土流失我国典型地区:黄土高原和南方低山丘陵地区。产生的原因:(1)自然原因:黄土土质疏松、垂直节理发育;季风气候,降水集中,多暴雨;地表植被稀少。(2)人为原因:植被的破坏,不合理的耕作制度,开矿等。治理的措施:压缩农业用地;扩大林、草种植面积;植树造林;小流域综合治理。治理的意义:有利于因地制宜地进行产业结构的调整,使农、林、牧、副、渔业全面发展,可以增加农民收入,促进当地经济发展,改善农民生活条件,提高生活质量;有利于改善当地的生态环境,建立良性循环生态系统;发展生态农业,有利于促进生态和经济可持续发展。
First, the regional ecological problems 1. Soil and water loss typical areas of our country: the Loess Plateau and southern hilly areas. Reasons: (1) natural causes: Loess loosening, vertical joint development; monsoon climate, precipitation, heavy rain; surface vegetation is scarce. (2) man-made reasons: the destruction of vegetation, unreasonable farming system, mining and so on. Governance measures: compression of agricultural land; expand forest, grass planting area; afforestation; small watershed comprehensive management. Significance of Governance: It is conducive to adjusting the industrial structure according to local conditions so that the all-round development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and forestry can increase farmers’ income, promote the local economic development, improve the living conditions of farmers and improve the quality of life; Of the ecological environment, the establishment of a virtuous circle of ecological system; the development of ecological agriculture, help to promote ecological and economic sustainable development.