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首先,要弄清楚一个概念:这里所谓的“东方主义”和“西方主义”都是由于美籍学者爱德华·萨伊德(如果此姓按国内通行译法根据阿拉伯文译为“赛义德”,就不难了解这位学者的族裔背景了)的两本书《东方主义》和《文化与帝国主义》最近在国内引起的讨论中出现的术语。所谓“东方主义”是指西方文化界对东方文化的无知、歧视和丑化,而“西方主义”则是这场讨论中用来作为一种对应物的名称,专指中国学术界的“一种浮躁的、盲目的、非理性的对待西方文化的态度”,其中既包括“对西方文化一厢情愿的认同”,也包括“对西方(文化)的拒绝”,即在“华夏文明优势失落后(中国)知识界不服气却又无可奈何的心态”。
First of all, it is necessary to clarify the concept that the so-called “Orientalism” and “Westernism” here are both due to the American scholar Edward Said (if this name is translated into “Said by Arabic” according to the prevailing domestic translation) It is not hard to understand the ethnically background of the scholar). The two books “Orientalism” and “Culture and Imperialism” emerged in recent discussions in the country. The so-called “Orientalism” refers to the ignorance, discrimination and vilification of the oriental culture in the western cultural circles. “Westernism” is the name used in this discussion as a counterpart and refers specifically to the “ Impetuous, blind and irrational treatment of Western culture, ”including both“ the wishful thinking of Western culture, ”and“ rejection of the West (culture) ”, that is," after the loss of China’s civilization and civilization (China ) Intellectual circles but helpless mentality.