妊娠试验是临检工作中最常应用的试验之一。现代医学用实验室方法进行妊娠诊断已有60多年的历史。从方法学进展分析,大致经历了三个阶段:1928年德国医师Aschkeim等以孕妇尿注入未成熟的小白鼠皮下,第5天解剖观察其卵巢,发现有充血、滤泡形成,出血点及黄体,即表示妊娠反应阳性,用于临床诊断,标志着生物学妊娠诊断阶髓的开始。嗣后,Friedmen用成熟雌兔作试验,Hogben观察雌蟾蜍注射孕妇尿液后是否排卵,以此作为妊娠的依据。直到1948年Miller等以雄蛙试验诊断妊娠获得成功,随着方法学的改进,应用日益广泛。在50年代“青蛙”试验已 Pregnancy tests are one of the most commonly used tests in clinical work. Modern medical laboratory methods for pregnancy diagnosis has been 60 years of history. From the progress of methodological analysis, it has gone through roughly three stages: In 1928, German physician Aschkeim et al. Injected immature mice subcutaneously with urine from pregnant women. On day 5, their ovaries were dissected and found to have hyperemia, follicular formation, bleeding spots and corpus luteum , Which means that the pregnancy reaction is positive for clinical diagnosis, marking the beginning of biological pregnancy diagnosis of myeloid. Later, Friedmen with mature female rabbits as a test, Hogben observation of female toads injection of urine in pregnant women after ovulation, as a basis for pregnancy. It was not until 1948 that Miller et al. Succeeded in diagnosing pregnancy with a male frog test. As methodologies improved, the use became more widespread. In the fifties “frog” test has been