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一、我国海洋开发面临的新形势 现在国际上许多有识之士都广泛认为“21世纪是海洋开发的新世纪”。我认为,到21世纪,世界海洋开发将有一个飞跃式的发展,国际海洋形势会发生很大变化。首先,从国际海洋经济形势来看,过去10几年发展很快,尽管世界经济发展缓慢,但海洋经济一直保持着每10年翻一番的高速增长势头。1980年世界海洋开发总产值为3400亿美元,1990年已超过6700亿美元,有人估计到2000年有可能达到15000亿美元。目前海洋经济发展的一个显著特点,就是新兴的高科技海洋产业发展很快,特别是海洋油气业、海水养殖业等。1992年海上石油产量已达9亿多t,占世界石油总产量的30％,估计到本世纪末可达13亿t,那时比重可能上升到
I. The New Situation Faced by China’s Ocean Development Nowadays, many people of insight in the world now widely believe that “the 21st century is a new century for marine development.” I think that by the 21st century, the development of world oceans and seas will have a leap-forward development and great changes will take place in the international marine situation. First of all, from the perspective of the international marine economic situation, the past 10 years have witnessed rapid development. Despite the slow development of the world economy, the marine economy has maintained its rapid growth every 10 years. The world marine output in 1980 was 340 billion U.S. dollars. In 1990, it exceeded 670 billion U.S. dollars. Some people estimate that it will reach 1.5 billion U.S. dollars by the year 2000. At present, one notable feature of the marine economic development is that the emerging high-tech marine industry has developed rapidly, especially the offshore oil and gas industry and the marine aquaculture industry. In 1992, the production of offshore oil reached more than 900 million tons, accounting for 30% of the world’s total oil production. It is estimated to reach 1.3 billion tons by the end of this century, when the proportion may rise to