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通过区分ENSO外部影响和偶极子内部局地作用,探讨了前期春季的印度洋海温异常对南海夏季风建立早晚的可能影响途径。结果表明:在没有去除ENSO信号(外部作用)的情况下,全区一致型的海温分布主要通过影响热带印度洋上空纬向季风环流的强弱来影响南海夏季风建立的早晚。去除ENSO信号后,非ENSO全区一致型的海温分布则主要通过影响低层东西向的气压差异和对流层中上层的南北温度梯度的逆转,进而对南海夏季风建立的早晚产生影响;而南印度洋偶极子(SIODM)型的海温分布则主要通过影响亚洲大陆热低压、西太平洋副热带高压和高低层的辐合辐散运动影响南海夏季风的建立。
By distinguishing the external influence of ENSO from the local internal effect of dipole, the probable ways to affect the onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon in the early spring by the Indian Ocean SST anomaly are discussed. The results show that without the removal of ENSO signal (external effect), the consistent SST distribution in the whole region affects the onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon mainly by influencing the strength of the zonal monsoon circulation over the tropical Indian Ocean. After removing the ENSO signal, the non-ENSO-consistent sea temperature distribution mainly affects the early and late onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon mainly by affecting the east-west pressure difference in the lower layer and the reversal of the north-south temperature gradient in the upper troposphere. The dipole (SIODM) type of SST distributes mainly in the South China Sea (SCS), which affects the South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon mainly through the influence of the convergence of divergent divergences between the hot low pressure in the Asian continent, the subtropical high in the western Pacific and the upper and lower strata.