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为了解疏勒河流域上游区域多年冻土的分布状况,以野外考察与钻探、室内理论分析与建模为主要研究方法,以数字高程模型为主要数据基础,借助于地理信息系统软件(ARCGIS)和统计分析软件(SPSS),定量化研究了纬度、高程、坡度、坡向等因素对多年冻土分布的影响,建立了基于纬度、高程、太阳辐射的流域尺度的等效高程模型、辐射调整模型和区域多年冻土分布模型.以地温作为多年冻土类型划分的依据,实现了研究区域多年冻土的空间分布制图与特征分析.结果表明:多年冻土的分布面积为9447.16km2,占区域总面积的83%.其中,低温多年冻土是最主要的多年冻土类型(38%),其次是中、高温多年冻土(23%和14%),极高温多年冻土的分布面积和所占比例相对较小(8%);从空间分布特征来看,低温多年冻土主要分布于4.0～5.0km的海拔高度,中、高温多年冻土集中分布于3.5～4.5km的海拔高度,而极高温多年冻土则主要分布于3.0～4.0km的海拔高度.
In order to understand the distribution of permafrost in the upper reaches of the Shulehe River basin, taking the field investigation and drilling, indoor theoretical analysis and modeling as the main research methods and the digital elevation model as the main data base, with the aid of GIS software (ARCGIS) And statistical analysis software (SPSS) were used to quantitatively study the influence of latitude, elevation, slope and aspect on the distribution of permafrost. An equivalent elevation model of watershed scale based on latitude, altitude and solar radiation was established. Radiation adjustment Model and regional permafrost distribution model.Using the ground temperature as the basis for the classification of permafrost types, the spatial distribution mapping and characteristic analysis of the permafrost in the study area were realized.The results show that the permafrost distribution area is 9447.16 km 2, Among them, the permafrost is the most important permafrost type (38%), followed by medium and high temperature permafrost (23% and 14%), the distribution area of very high temperature permafrost (8%). According to the spatial distribution characteristics, the low temperature permafrost is mainly distributed in the altitude of 4.0 ~ 5.0km, the middle and high temperature permafrost is concentrated in the sea of 3.5 ~ 4.5km Height, and very high temperature permafrost is mainly distributed in the altitude of 3.0 ~ 4.0km.