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目的了解西藏民族学院在校藏、汉族大学生过敏性鼻炎(AR)的流行情况,为防治该病的发生提供依据。方法采用问卷调查的方法对西藏民族学院4 169名18~20岁在校藏、汉族大学生进行AR有关症状及病史的问卷调查。结果问卷应答率在95.8%以上。在校大学生AR现患率为3.3%,藏、汉族大学生分别为1.9%和4.5%,差异具有统计学意义(2χ=20.30,P<0.01)。AR的前5位诱因依次为:花粉、灰尘、杂草、香水、冷空气。藏、汉族大学生之间AR的临床症状、病程、伴有个人和家族过敏性疾病史方面,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论西藏民族学院18~20岁大学生AR现患率明显低于汉族大学生。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of allergic rhinitis (AR) in Tibetan ethnic college and Han nationality college students and provide a basis for prevention and treatment of this disease. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 4,169 college students from Tibet Autonomous Region for 18- to 20-year-old college students from Tibet Autonomous Region and from Han nationality college students. Results The questionnaire response rate was above 95.8%. The prevalence of AR in college students was 3.3%, and that of Tibetan and Han nationality students was 1.9% and 4.5%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (2χ = 20.30, P <0.01). AR top five incentives were: pollen, dust, weeds, perfume, cold air. There was no significant difference in the clinical symptoms and course of AR between the college students of Han nationality and Han nationality in the history of AR and family history of allergic diseases (P> 0.05). Conclusion The current prevalence rate of AR among 18 ~ 20-year-old college students in Tibet Nationalities Institute is significantly lower than that of Han students.