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目的了解维吾尔族不同体质量指数(BMI)等级中小学生各项身体素质指标之间的关系,为提高维吾尔族中小学生身体素质提供依据。方法按照2010年全国学生体质健康调研实施方案的要求,共测试新疆喀什地区维吾尔族中小学生5 746名,对测试结果进行BMI等级分类,比较不同BMI等级维吾尔族中小学生身体素质情况。结果维吾尔族不同BMI等级中小学生间的各项身体素质差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。超重和体重偏瘦会影响维吾尔族中小学生身体素质的发展,偏瘦组和超重组男生的立定跳远成绩(153.24 cm,173.71 cm)均差于正常组(192.55 cm),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);BMI偏高是影响学生速度和相对肌肉力量素质的主要因素,超重组女生的800 m跑成绩(264.51 s)低于偏瘦组和正常组(170.74 s,246.78 s)。结论维吾尔族不同BMI等级中小学生各项身体素质之间存在不同程度的差异,应重点加强对偏瘦及超重青少年的体育锻炼。
Objective To understand the relationship among various physical fitness indexes of primary and secondary school students of different grades of body mass index (UMI) in order to improve the physical fitness of Uighur primary and secondary school students. Methods According to the requirements of the 2010 National Student Physical Health Survey, 5 746 Uighur primary and middle school students in Kashgar region of Xinjiang were tested. The test results were classified according to BMI level, and the physical fitness of Uighur primary and secondary school students with different BMI levels was compared. Results There were significant differences among the Uygur nationality students with different BMI grades (P all <0.01). Overweight and low body weight will affect the development of Uighur primary and secondary school students’ physical constitution. The results of standing long jump (153.24 cm, 173.71 cm) in poor body group and overweight group are all worse than those in normal group (192.55 cm) P <0.01). The high BMI was the main factor influencing the speed and relative muscle strength of the students. The results of the 800 m race in the overweight group (264.51 s) were lower than those in the normal group and the lean group (170.74 s, 246.78 s). Conclusion There are different degrees of physical fitness among primary and secondary school students of different grades in Uygur nationality. We should focus on strengthening physical training of overweight and overweight teenagers.