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在北京地区水稻田分离到的水稻白叶枯细菌噬菌体有两种类型,Ⅰ型大斑(PK)和Ⅱ型小斑(PSS)。在进一步对噬菌体的寄主范围的测定表明,对非致病性的细菌以及植物病原细菌各属细菌如假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas),棒形杆菌(Corynebacterium),土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium)均无溶菌作用,甚至对同属的黄单胞杆菌(Xanthomonas)的其他种细菌也无溶菌性,证明其寄主范围仅限于水稻白叶枯细菌。北京地区分离的各种噬菌体的专化性,经用全国23个省、市、自治区的137个白叶枯细菌菌株试验的结果,表明不同噬菌体存在着对不同细菌菌株侵染上明显差异,其中Ⅰ型(PK)只能侵染其中的72％菌株。而Ⅱ型中的(PSS)能侵染其中的92％的菌株,说明对寄主的专化性是不同的。以噬菌体侵染细菌,用“一步生长曲线”比较研究结果Ⅰ型噬菌体(PK)的潜育期短为40分钟,裂解量7。Ⅱ型(PSS)的潜育期较长,为70分钟,裂解量为46。在此基础上,应用噬菌体在水稻种子上增殖数量的测定可以反映出,水稻种子上具有活的白叶枯细菌的存在,这种方法灵敏度高,时间短,可用作稻种带菌检验之用。
There are two types of rice bacterial blight bacteriophages isolated in paddy field in Beijing. They are type I maculter (PK) and type II plaque (PSS). Further determination of the host range of the phage showed no bacteriolytic effect on non-pathogenic bacteria as well as bacteria belonging to the genus Phytopathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Agrobacterium , And even no other bacteria of the same genus Xanthomonas, demonstrating that their host range is limited to the rice bacterial blight bacterium. The specialization of various bacteriophages isolated in Beijing was tested with 137 bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis in 23 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China. The results showed that different bacteriophages had significant differences in infection of different bacterial strains, among which Type I (PK) can infect only 72% of the strains. The type II (PSS) can infect 92% of the strains, indicating that the specificity of the host is different. Bacteriophage infection of bacteria, “one-step growth curve” Comparative study showed that type I phage (PK) incubation period of 40 minutes short, the amount of cleavage 7. Type II (PSS) has a long incubation period of 70 minutes and a split amount of 46. On this basis, the application of phage in the proliferation of rice seed count can reflect the presence of live bacteria on rice seeds Bacteria, the method of high sensitivity, time is short, can be used for testing of rice species .