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新生儿中耳炎并不少见,但至今了解很不够。本病发病时可仅限于中耳感染,也可合并败血症、肺炎等。临床上有新生儿耳疾会诊时,应采用有良好照明的氦光源耳镜,先轻拭外耳道,并应注意由清拭所致的外耳道鼓膜充血而误诊为炎症,但此种充血通常在24～48小时后可消除。微生物检查以肺炎双球菌及嗜血流感杆菌较为常见,也有少数为复合感染。至于病理所见,作者等根据动物试验及死婴解剖,可见羊水脱屑吸入中耳,少数中耳腔内有脓性分泌物、上皮化生性变,粘骨膜中有杯状细胞、粘液囊肿。Frank氏特别指出有些出现中耳病变者,其鼓膜可表现正常,估计与生前应用抗生素有关。
Otitis media is not uncommon in newborns, but so far not enough understanding. The onset of the disease can be limited to the middle ear infection, but also merger sepsis, pneumonia and so on. Clinical neonatal ear consultation, should use a good helium light source otoscope, gently wipe the external auditory canal, and should pay attention to by cleaning the external auditory canal eardrum congestion and misdiagnosed as inflammation, but such congestion is usually 24 ~ 48 hours after elimination. Microbiological examination to pneumococcus and Haemophilus influenza bacilli are more common, but also a small number of complex infections. As for the pathology, the author according to animal experiments and dead baby’s anatomy, amniotic fluid desquamation inhalation can be seen in the middle ear, a small number of middle ear cavity purulent secretions, epidermal metaplasia, mucoperiosteum goblet cells, mucus cysts. Frank’s pointed out that some people with middle ear lesions, the eardrums can be normal, it is estimated that with the previous application of antibiotics.