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人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染血清抗体阳性后能迅速进入大脑导致HIV相关神经认知疾病(HAND)。HAND的临床前期诊断较为困难,而无创磁共振成像(MRI)检查有成为生物标记物的潜能。本文综述一些神经成像技术在HIV阳性个体的应用,包括质子磁共振波谱(1 H MRS)、基于体素形态学分析(VBM)、扩散张量成像(DTI)和功能磁共振成像(fMRI)。这些神经成像方法可以用于早期检测和干预不同程度HAND,研究HAND功能、结构损伤及其发生机制,监测高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)疗效,基于神经成像可以找到评估HAND早期、敏感的可视化生物标记物。
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive serum antibodies can rapidly enter the brain leading to HIV-associated neurocognitive disease (HAND). HAND preclinical diagnosis is more difficult, and non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to become a biomarker. This review summarizes the applications of several neuroimaging techniques to HIV-positive individuals, including proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H MRS), voxel-based morphometry (VBM), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These neuroimaging methods can be used for early detection and intervention of HAND to study HAND function, structural damage and its mechanism, to monitor the efficacy of highly effective antiretroviral therapy (HAART), based on neuroimaging to find early, sensitive visualization of HAND Biomarkers.