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目的 研究碘缺乏与碘过多对大鼠甲状腺形态结构的影响。方法 将 Wistar大鼠随机分为 3组 ,适碘组 (NI)、高碘组 (HI)、低碘组 (L I) ,观察喂养 12周、2 4周大鼠甲状腺形态结构的变化 ,应用 MIAS- 2 0 0 0型图像分析系统 ,对甲状腺滤泡及滤泡腔进行形态定量测定 ,获得 5项体视学参数 (平均体积 V、平均表面积 S、比表面积 S/ V、数密度 Nv及球形因子 SF)和 1项截面积的定量参数。结果 低碘组大鼠甲状腺滤泡及滤泡腔的 V、S及 SF均明显小于适碘组 ,而 S/ V和 Nv明显大于适碘组 ,上皮细胞体积明显增大 ;高碘组滤泡在实验过程中无明显改变 ,而滤泡腔 V、S在实验的 2 4周时均明显小于适碘组 ,上皮细胞体积增大。结论 碘缺乏导致大鼠甲状腺小滤泡增生性甲肿改变 ,而碘过多在实验中未形成甲肿 ,并随碘过多时间的延长 ,滤泡腔变小 ,上皮细胞增生。
Objective To study the effects of iodine deficiency and iodine excess on thyroid morphological structure in rats. Methods The Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: NI, HI and LI groups. The morphological changes of the thyroid in rats fed for 12 weeks and 24 weeks were observed. - 2000 type image analysis system for thyroid follicular and follicular cavity morphology quantitative determination of five stereological parameters (average volume V, the average surface area S, the specific surface area S / V, the number density Nv and spherical Factor SF) and a cross-sectional area of the quantitative parameters. Results The levels of V, S and SF in the thyroid follicular and the follicular cavity in the low-iodine group were significantly lower than those in the right iodine group, while the S / V and Nv were significantly greater than those in the right iodine group. The volume of epithelial cells was significantly increased. During the experiment, there was no obvious change, while the follicular cavities V, S were significantly smaller than the iodine group at 24 weeks of experiment, and the volume of epithelial cells increased. Conclusions Iodine deficiency leads to the change of small follicular hyperplastic thyroid gland of thyroid in rats. However, excessive iodine does not form the gut in the experiment. With the prolongation of iodine, the follicular cavity becomes smaller and epithelial cells proliferate.