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背景在初级医疗中可以看到这样的现象,即至少10%的患者存在遗传的影响。然而,具有高遗传风险疾病的患者可能没有被识别,因此治疗建议可能没有提及或者管理不恰当。初级医务工作者缺乏遗传学知识,在日常工作中缺少遗传学相关检测,开展遗传学服务不足。本研究的目的是评估初级医疗中采取的遗传学教育的干预措施。方法本研究采用标准审查和传播中心指定的系统评价步骤,在5个数据库中检索相关文献。纳入涵盖初级医务工作者采用遗传教育学干预结局的文献,对每篇文献的结果进行分组和主题归类。结果共纳入11篇文献。确定的5个主题分别为:既往经历、信心变化、知识变化、实践变化以及满意度和反馈。其中5篇文献介绍通过执行教育计划,医务工作者的知识层面得到提高,但是仅限定在特定的领域;6篇文献介绍医务工作者的信心得到改善;然而实践行为并没有明显的改变。结论目前,缺乏相关而有质量的文献证实遗传学教育干预措施在初级医务工作者中的作用。教育措施应该在实践、信心和知识方面进行评估,以判断教育措施是否在改善患者遗传风险评估和适合的管理措施方面发挥显著作用。
Background It can be seen in primary care that there is a genetic effect in at least 10% of patients. However, patients with high genetic risk disorders may not be identified, so treatment recommendations may not be mentioned or not properly managed. Primary health care workers lack knowledge of genetics, lack genetic testing in their daily work, and lack of genetics services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate interventions in genetics education in primary care. Methods In this study, the systematic review steps specified by the CRS were used to search for relevant articles in five databases. Include literature covering the outcomes of interventions by primary health-care workers using genetic pedagogy, and group and categorize the results of each of the articles. Results A total of 11 articles were included. The five themes identified are: Past Experience, Change in Confidence, Change in Knowledge, Change in Practice, Satisfaction and Feedback. Among them, five articles introduced that through the implementation of education programs, the knowledge level of medical workers was improved, but only in specific areas. Six articles showed that the confidence of medical workers was improved. However, there was no obvious change in practice. Conclusions At present, the lack of relevant and qualitative literature confirms the role of genetic education interventions among primary medical workers. Educational measures should be evaluated in terms of practice, confidence and knowledge to determine whether educational measures play a significant role in improving the patient’s genetic risk assessment and appropriate management measures.