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本文从汉代文化建设与对先秦文献整理的角度考察汉字文字研究的特点,提出汉字学产生于释读古文字的现实需求,但《说文解字》是阐释汉字深层结构的学术著作,具有不依附经学的独立性的观点。汉代的文化建立在“文献复兴”的基础之上。古文文献自西汉末年开始受到重视并加以整理。由于识读古文字的需求而归纳出文字的分析与识读条例——六书理论。许慎运用这样的理论对其所见文字进行了全面、系统的阐释。《说文》具有不朽的理论价值与数据价值。受时代材料和理论的限制,《说文》的不足是系统性的不足。汉字学的发展需要充分继承古代学术优秀成果,去其糟粕,在此基础上,明确学科位置,规范其学科体系。
This paper examines the characteristics of the study of Chinese characters and texts from the perspectives of cultural construction in the Han Dynasty and the collation of pre-Qin literature, and points out the realistic needs of Chinese characters resulting from the interpretation of ancient Chinese characters. However, “Shuo Wen Jie Zi” is an academic book that explains the deep structure of Chinese characters, Independence of the point of view. Han culture is based on the “document revival”. Ancient literature from the Western Han Dynasty began to receive attention and finishing. The Analysis and Interpretation of Texts Induced by the Need of Reading Ancient Writings - Six Book Theory. Xu Shen use of such a theory of the text they see a comprehensive and systematic interpretation. “Said the text” has immortal theoretical value and data value. Due to the limitation of the materials and theories of the times, the shortage of “Shuo Wen” is a systematic deficiency. The development of Chinese character studies needs to fully inherit the outstanding academic achievements of ancient times and go to its dregs. On this basis, the position of disciplines should be clarified and its disciplinary system should be standardized.