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目的研究医院-社区-家庭护理干预模式对2型糖尿病患者饮食控制的效果。方法将我院2015年2月至2016年3月2型糖尿病患者90例分两组,每组45例,传统组采取传统护理干预模式;实验组则应用医院-社区-家庭护理干预模式。就两组患者糖尿病饮食知识认知、合理饮食行为评分、食物营养均衡评分和干预1年血糖达标率、干预前后糖化血红蛋白、BMI、胆固醇进行比较。结果实验组干预1年血糖达标率明显高于传统组,P<0.05。干预前两组患者糖化血红蛋白、BMI、胆固醇相似,P>0.05。实验组干预后糖化血红蛋白、BMI、胆固醇明显低于传统组,P<0.05。实验组患者糖尿病饮食知识认知、合理饮食行为评分、食物营养均衡评分均明显优于传统组,P<0.05。结论医院-社区-家庭护理干预模式对2型糖尿病患者饮食控制的效果确切,可提高患者饮食知识认知,提高合理饮食行为,确保营养摄入均衡,对体质量、血脂和血糖具有良好的控制作用。
Objective To study the effect of hospital-community-home care intervention on diet control in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods From February 2015 to March 2016, 90 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into two groups (45 cases in each group). The traditional group adopted the traditional nursing intervention model. The experimental group used the hospital-community-family nursing intervention model. The two groups of patients with diabetes diet knowledge, reasonable diet behavior score, food nutrition balance score and intervention 1-year blood glucose compliance rate, before and after intervention, glycosylated hemoglobin, BMI, cholesterol were compared. Results The 1-year blood glucose compliance rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the traditional group (P <0.05). Before intervention, HbA1c, BMI and cholesterol in the two groups were similar, P> 0.05. After intervention, the levels of HbA1c, BMI and cholesterol in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the traditional group (P <0.05). The knowledge of diabetic diet, the score of reasonable diet, and the balance of food nutrition in experimental group were significantly better than the traditional group (P <0.05). Conclusion The hospital-community-home care intervention model has definite effects on diet control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can improve patients’ cognition of dietary knowledge, improve reasonable dietary behaviors, ensure balanced nutrition intake, and have good control of body weight, blood lipids and blood glucose effect.