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目的了解安丘市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征及趋势,为相关部门制定有效的预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法收集2000~2015年安丘市HFRS流行病学资料,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2000~2015年累计报告HFRS 728例,年均发病率为4.48/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);死亡5例,总病死率为0.69%。出血热报告发病率由2000年的15.05/10万下降至2005年的3.50/10万;2006~2015年开始小幅上升,由2006年的1.15/10万上升至2013年的4.55/10万。2000~2002、2003~2005、2007~2015年春峰分别发病165、41、43例,秋冬峰分别发病111、63、149例。发病数居前5位乡镇占全市发病总数的59.62%。男性发病率为6.15/10万,女性为2.73/10万(P<0.01);农民发病596例,占发病总数的81.87%。结论安丘市HFRS疫情总体下降,但自2006年以后疫情开始缓慢上升。安丘市的疫区类型可能经过了由“家鼠型为主的混合型疫区(2000~2002年)”→“混合型疫区(2003~2005年)”→“姬鼠型为主的混合型疫区(2007~2015年)”的转变。
Objective To understand the epidemiological features and trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Anqiu City and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control strategies of relevant departments. Methods The epidemiological data of HFRS in Anqiu city from 2000 to 2015 were collected for descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 728 HFRS cases were reported from 2000 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 4.48 / 100 000. The incidence of HFRS in different years was significantly different (P <0.01). Five died and the overall case fatality rate was 0.69%. The incidence of haemorrhagic fever reported dropped from 15.05 / 100000 in 2000 to 3.50 / 100000 in 2005; it increased slightly from 2006 to 2015, from 1.15 / 100000 in 2006 to 4.55 / 100000 in 2013. There were 165,41 and 43 cases of spring peak from 2000 to 2002, from 2003 to 2005 and from 2007 to 2015 respectively, with 111, 63 and 149 cases of autumn and winter peak respectively. The incidence of the top 5 townships accounted for 59.62% of the city’s total incidence. The incidence of males was 6.15 / lakh and that of females was 2.73 / lakh (P <0.01). The incidence of peasants was 596, accounting for 81.87% of the total. Conclusion The epidemic situation of HFRS in Anqiu City generally declined, but the epidemic situation began to increase slowly after 2006. The epidemic areas in Anqiu City may have undergone a mixed-type epidemic area (2000-2002) and “→” mixed-type epidemic areas (2003-2005) Mouse-based mixed-type epidemic (2007 ~ 2015) "change.