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因地形地貌原因,很多隧道进洞口围岩呈浅埋偏压状态,结合岩性软弱、节理裂隙发育等情况,使洞口段掘进施工难度加大,有时设计资料中洞口段技术措施仍难以控制掘进后初支变形以至于侵入二衬空间,对施工质量、施工安全产生了严重的影响。大乘山隧道是一个较典型的浅埋、偏压,同时围岩岩性软弱的工程实例,系统介绍大乘山隧道洞口段施工中,针对浅埋、偏压及不良岩性,在山体位置和洞身范围采取技术措施,提供了初支变形及监控量测的有关资料。
Due to the topography and geomorphology, many tunnels are shallowly biased at the entrance to the tunnel. Combining with the weak lithology and the development of the joint and fissures, it is more difficult to drive the tunneling section. In some cases, it is still difficult to control the tunneling with technical measures After the initial branch deformation so invaded the lining space, the construction quality, construction safety had a serious impact. The Mt.Majishan tunnel is a typical example of shallow buried and biased rock with weak lithology of surrounding rock. In the course of the construction of the opening section of the Mt.Maichan tunnel, for shallow burial, biased pressure and poor lithology, Body to take technical measures to provide the first branch of the deformation and monitoring measurements of the relevant information.